Why is there a lot of carbohydrates in kefir. Kefir: calories and nutritional value

Kefir is a fermented milk product, one of the most popular drinks with proper and dietary nutrition. The composition of the drink includes: fermented cow's milk, "kefir" fungi.

Nutritional and energy value

Kefir is a source of useful trace elements and vitamins necessary for the human body. It is rich in calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, minerals and other substances. The chemical composition is similar to milk, but populated with beneficial fungi and vitamins. The calorie content of a product depends on the percentage of fat it contains.

Depending on the fat content, kefir is divided into types:

• skimmed;
• 1 percent in terms of fat content;
• 2,5%;
• 3,2%.

Fat-free kefir is low-calorie, it contains 30 kcal per 100 g. This type will be useful for losing weight people. Regardless of the absence of fat in the composition, the product retains its nutrients. The next in calorie content is a 1% drink (in 100 g - 37 kcal). Kefir with a fat content of 1% is suitable for people who adhere to proper nutrition and follow a diet. A small proportion of fat in the composition of the drink will not harm, on the contrary, in relation to calcium and phosphorus, it strengthens the body and human bone tissues.

One glass of this drink has a huge content of vitamins and bifidobacteria. Easy digestibility, so you can use it with any diet, as well as with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. It can be used for food by children under 1 year old, but due to the presence of a small amount of ethyl alcohol in its composition, this must be done very carefully. You can not abuse the product in cases of diseases of the duodenum 12.

The product is considered universal, because it is used in many spectrums of everyday life:

• for cooking and baking, marinade for main dishes;
• to maintain beauty and health (facial and hair procedures, folk remedy for sunburn);
• for sports use (diet based on it).

Dairy products carry energy value. Having drunk a glass of drink in the morning, a person is guaranteed to receive a charge of vivacity and energy for the whole day.

When buying a product, it is important to pay attention to the production time, storage conditions, composition, compliance with GOST requirements. A quality drink does not have a pungent odor and lumps. Opened product should be stored in the refrigerator for no more than 5 days.

Composition of 1% fermented milk drink:

• whole milk and normalized by the amount of fat;
• “kefir” fungi, which, with sourdough, create and supplement milk with taste and useful substances;
• bifidobacteria, which have a beneficial effect on the work of the digestive tract.

Indicators of KBJU per 100 grams of a 1% product: calorie content - 40 kcal, proteins - 2.8%, fats - 1%, carbohydrates - 4%. Such a product is necessary for the body, sourdough has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the intestines and helps to eliminate toxins and toxins. Due to the functions of loosening and excretion, it is recommended for fasting days. The composition of the fat-free product is saturated with vitamins of groups A, B, E and D, a large amount of calcium and iron, choline and chlorine. The content of ethyl alcohol fluctuates around 0.07%.

Calculation of BJU per 100 g:

• proteins - 3%;
• fats - on average from 0 to 0.1% (depending on the manufacturer);
• carbohydrates - 3.8%.

The amount of fat in the above products varies on average from 0 to 1%. The fat values ​​in kefir indicate what level of milk fat is contained in it. Experts recommend choosing 1-2.5% fat. The presence of fat helps to improve the condition of the skin, hair, metabolism. A fat-free product should be consumed with food that contains fats. The human body needs fats to function properly and avoid a calorie deficit. Fat-free kefir is not recommended to drink daily.

Homemade kefir is more nutritious and healthier than industrial. 100 g of home-cooked kefir contains 63.3 kcal, proteins - 3.2%, fats - 3.5%, carbohydrates - 4.8%.

Note to kefir lovers: the lower the percentage of fat content of the product, the more sour it tastes. Manufacturers add sweeteners to eliminate the sour taste.

Does it contain lactose?

Lactose is a milk sugar found in dairy products and milk. The level of the substance in all products is different - from about 2 to 8%. In kefir, milk sugar has a minimum dose; in fat-free kefir, it is completely absent.

Density

When buying kefir, a number of factors should be taken into account in order to maximize the choice of a quality product. There are two types of product: with a dense and liquid consistency. The difference between them is in the mode of production. A dense product is prepared in bottles, a liquid product in tanks. The density of kefir is from 1031 to 1033 g/liter. This means that 1 liter of kefir has a weight ranging from 1031 to 1033 g. The greater the weight, the higher the density of the same volume.

Kefir is a unique fermented milk drink. It is prepared from natural whole cow's milk using special kefir fungi - a symbiosis of many living organisms (about 22 varieties of beneficial bacteria). The most valuable and important lactic streptococci, which contain yeast, acetic bacteria and lactic acid bacilli. Kefir contains a balanced amount of water, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, ash, organic acids, minerals and vitamins, which make this drink useful, valuable, practically healing for the human body.

The composition of the fermented milk drink kefir

Kefir is made from whole or skimmed cow's milk. The manufacturing process is sour-milk and alcohol fermentation using kefir fungi. The composition of fungi and bacteria is unique, hence kefir can be one-day, two-day and three-day. It is distinguished by acidity, the degree of accumulation of carbon dioxide and alcohol, and the degree of swelling of proteins. Kefir contains ethyl alcohol:

• Three-day kefir contains 0.88% alcohol (should not be consumed by young children and people with epilepsy).
• One-day kefir contains 0.07%.

According to DSTU, 100 g of kefir should have 2.8 g of protein, and the acidity should be in the range of 85-130°T.

The composition of kefir includes:

• Vitamins: A, B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, B12, C, E, H, PP.
• A set of minerals: choline, iron, calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium;
• sulfur, phosphorus, iodine, chlorine, cobalt, manganese;
• copper, molybdenum, fluorine, selenium, chromium, zinc.

Varieties of kefir

The criterion by which the type of kefir is distinguished is the fat content of the drink:

• Kefir with a fat content of 0% is fat-free.
• Kefir with a fat content of 1%.
• Kefir with a fat content of 1.5%.
• Kefir with a fat content of 2%.
• Kefir with a fat content of 2.5%.
• Kefir with a fat content of 3.2%

Kefir with 0% fat (fat-free)

Before getting fat-free kefir, whole milk is defatted to obtain it, from which it will be produced. Therefore, such kefir will have a fat content of 0%. It is often used as a component of dietary menus and diets for obesity.

100g of fat-free kefir contains:

• Water - 91.4.
• Proteins - 30.
• Fats - 0.
• Carbohydrates - 3.8.
• Kcal - 50.

Kefir with 1% fat

The calorie content of kefir with a fat content of 1% is slightly higher than that of kefir with a fat content of 0%. But the latter is considered a kefir drink, and, therefore, it contains more microelements and vitamins than a fat-free kefir drink. If you want to lose weight, then the calorie content of the two types of kefir under consideration is almost the same, but the usefulness of kefir with a fat percentage of 1 is much greater.

100 g of kefir with a fat content of 1% contains:

• Water - 90.4.
• Proteins - 2.8.
• Fats - 1.
• Carbohydrates - 4.
• Kcal - 40.

Kefir with a fat content of 1.5%

Kefir, which has a fat content of 1.5%, is a nutritious drink that perfectly quenches thirst. Wonderful desserts are prepared on its basis, and for fans of a weight loss diet, this is a primary drink, just like kefir drink and kefir 1%, but the taste is much higher. This kefir is used to prepare summer soups, okroshka and salad dressings. Regular use of one-day kefir with a fat content of 1.5% prevents constipation, and three-day kefir has a fixing property.

100 g of kefir with a fat content of 1.5% contains:

• Water - 90.
• Proteins - 3.3.
• Fats - 1.5.
• Carbohydrates - 3.6.
• Kcal - 41.

Kefir with 2% fat

Kefir with a fat content of 2% is difficult to find on the shelves of our stores. It is presented under the brand name "Baltais". Kefir, in its chemical index, is not much different from kefir with a fat content of 2.5%. The Baltais trademark produces fermented milk products that evoke in the consumer the taste of an environmentally friendly product reminiscent of childhood, healthy rural food and clean ecology.

100 g of kefir with a fat content of 20% contains:

• Water - 88.6.
• Proteins - 3.4.
• Fats - 2.
• Carbohydrates - 4.7
• Kcal - 51.

Kefir with a fat content of 2.5%

Kefir with a fat content of 2.5% contains the most balanced amount of all trace elements and vitamins inherent in this drink. This is the favorite and most purchased type of kefir, since its taste and price completely suit the consumer. It can also be used in diets for weight loss and fasting days.

100 g of kefir with a fat content of 2.5% contains:

• Water - 89.
• Proteins - 2.8.
• Fats - 2.5.
• Carbohydrates - 3.9.
• Kcal - 50.

Benefits of drinking kefir

• The advantage of drinking kefir is its ability to influence the intestinal microflora (suppress the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria).
• Regular consumption of kefir strengthens the immune system of the human body, eliminates the cause of sleep disorders.
• Kefir tends to be easily absorbed by the body, so it is recommended for children, the elderly, and those undergoing rehabilitation after operations.
• Kefir perfectly removes puffiness that appears in kidney diseases, due to its diuretic properties.
• Kefir has a beneficial effect on improving immunity. It is included in the diet of patients with gastrointestinal diseases and anemia.
• Kefir helps to calm the nervous system. It is recommended for chronic fatigue syndrome.
• Kefir is widely used in cosmetology. It is suitable for any type of face, so hair and face masks are made from it.

Harm from drinking kefir

• Kefir, which contains alcohol, is not recommended for children and people who have epilepsy.
• Kefir should not be consumed by people with milk protein intolerance.
• Kefir is not recommended for people with high acidity of the stomach.
• People who suffer from gastric disorders should consume kefir in moderation.
• Kefir has relaxing properties, so it is not recommended to drink it before important events and exams.
• Three-day kefir should not be used by people with duodenal ulcers, pancreatitis and hyperacid gastritis.

Kefir and weight loss diets

Among women who want to lose weight, kefir is a particularly popular product. In addition to the fact that kefir has a beneficial effect on metabolism, it has a low calorie content, even if we consider the fattest of them. Here is an example of the calorie content of 100g of various products:

• In 100g of cookies - 375 kcal.
• In 100g of chocolate - 546 kcal.
• In 100g of kefir, given the different fat content - 30-60 Kcal.

If you give up sweets and replace sweets with kefir, you can lose weight without a diet. You can lose weight if you get into the habit of replacing dinner with a glass of fatty yogurt.

Unloading day on kefir. Every 2 hours drink ½ cup of kefir. A week later, repeat by adding 200 g of cottage cheese. Alternating, in this way, you will notice that you have lost weight in speed. The process of losing weight is not fast, but effective and useful.

For those who are losing weight and counting calories, we present the energy value of kefir:

• 250 ml (glass) - 250g (100 Kcal).
• 200 ml (glass) - 200g (80 Kcal).
• 1 tablespoon with a slide - 18g (7.2 Kcal).
• 1 teaspoon with a slide - 5g (2 Kcal).

If the use of kefir is not contraindicated for you, for some reason, drink it without fail, and you will become healthier, more beautiful and slimmer every day. If, nevertheless, kefir is harmful to your health, replace it with curdled milk, which you can cook yourself at home from whole natural cow's milk, which will bring no less benefits than kefir.

The birthplace of kefir is the North Caucasus. Initially, the drink was prepared as follows: fungi were placed in wineskins and filled with pre-chilled ones. The containers were shaken from time to time. Kefir ripened, yeast fungi developed. The drink became creamy in its consistency, and its taste acquired a peculiar sourness and sparkling. In the future, kefir began to be made in special tanks, using already hotter milk as a raw material. Modern production technology has made it possible to make the taste of the drink softer and more tender.

Why is 1% kefir so useful, the calorie content of which is extremely low, can it be used by people suffering from diseases of the gastrointestinal tract? What is the calorie content of a fermented milk product? You will receive answers to these and other questions below.

Low-fat kefir calories

There are several types of kefir. The drink can also be greasy. The most high-calorie product is 3.2% fat. All others are considered dietary. Kefir 1%, the calorie content of which is extremely low, contains only 1% fat. The nutritional and energy value of 3.2% of the drink is about 56 kcal per 100 grams of the product. This is the highest of all three types. So, a skimmed dairy product has about 30 kcal, a low-fat one has about 40 kcal. The best option of them is considered a 1 percent drink. In a two-hundred-gram glass of kefir, the calorie content will be only 80 kcal. I must say that 100 g of this healthy product contains almost three grams of protein and four grams of carbohydrates.

Composition of the product

All dairy products are good for health, especially they need to be eaten every day. Kefir contains a huge amount of vitamins B, A, C, E, PP, beta-carotene, folates are present.

In addition, the drink is saturated with mineral elements, organic acids and other useful elements, among which calcium stands out. After all, a liter of kefir contains the daily rate of this element. Low calorie content (kefir 1%), chemical composition and make it indispensable for humans.

Benefits of sour milk drink

As mentioned at the beginning, now this fermented milk drink is made by fermenting milk with fungal-based sourdough. The main value of kefir lies in a special protein, the advantage of which is that it is absorbed by the human body very quickly. The drink helps to improve the functioning of the digestive organs, while it practically does not increase the total calorie content of the daily diet. The fermented milk product has a beneficial effect on the metabolic process.

People who are allergic to milk should not avoid kefir, because in this particular case, the proteins of this drink are perfectly absorbed by the body and do not cause any allergic reactions.

If you start to include this product in your diet, your immune system and nervous system will be strengthened, cholesterol levels will decrease, the work of the liver, kidneys and gastrointestinal tract will stabilize, toxins will be removed from the body. Low-fat kefir 1% (calorie content, useful properties, its benefits are described in detail by experts) is recommended to be consumed frequently. Of course, they should not be abused.

Kefir for weight loss

In dietology, kefir has also proven itself excellently. People who watch their figure, this product is a must. Those who wish to lose weight can be safely advised to eat kefir and cook delicious low-calorie dishes based on it.

But know that you should not be content with kefir alone, such a mono-diet cannot be used for more than three days in a row. It is much more useful to adhere to the following diet in this case: one day you drink only 1% kefir (its calorie content allows you to do this), and the second you can eat as usual. Of course, you should not abuse all kinds of sausages and cakes, otherwise you can nullify all your efforts. In just 14 days, you can lose up to six kilograms by eating this way.

There are contraindications!

Of course, all fermented milk products are extremely useful for the human body, more precisely, for an adult. Children should use kefir infrequently, and babies under one year old are generally forbidden to give it. Some adults may experience heartburn from abuse of this product. It should be noted that the low calorie content of 1% kefir (a glass of drink contains about 100 kcal) does not at all indicate that it should be drunk in large quantities. In everything you need to know the measure.

How to store

All dairy products spoil quite quickly, so when buying, you should pay attention to the expiration dates indicated on the package. If you suddenly accidentally purchase low-quality 1% kefir, the calorie content of which does not exceed 40 kcal, and eat it, you can seriously get poisoned and spend several days in a hospital bed.

Never buy expired fermented milk products and do not store them outside the refrigerator. It is worth leaving a bag or a bottle of kefir on the table for just a few hours, as it will become completely unfit for food. In the heat, this time is reduced to two hours. A fairly short implementation period allows you to buy only fresh kefir 1%. The calorie content, benefits and harms of this product are now known to you.

There are real legends about the origin of kefir. It is believed that the prophet Magomed presented something similar in appearance to cauliflower as a gift to the mountaineers. It was kefir. The highlanders gave it the name "millet of the prophet." Residents of North Ossetia and Kabardino-Balkaria are still arguing where exactly the birthplace of this fermented milk drink is.

So, the Caucasians carefully kept the received gift, not allowing anyone to take possession of this miracle. But at the beginning of the last century, the “gentiles” managed to get hold of the recipe for making kefir. The fact is that the young beauty Sakharova arrived in the Caucasus in order to find out the secret of the production of the drink. A local prince fell in love with her and even kidnapped her.

All the forces of the gendarmerie were thrown in search of the beauty. Sakharov was released, but the prince was threatened with trial. The girl forgave him, asking for a dozen fungi as compensation. Kefir began to be produced on an industrial scale in 1913.

Kefir has been known all over the world for several centuries. It is popular in many countries, and each has its own recipe for preparing the product, a special name and a specific taste and aroma. In Georgia - matsoni, in Bashkiria - koumiss, in Uzbekistan - katyk, in Armenia - matsun.

Product preparation

This fermented milk drink is formed by fermenting whole or skimmed cow's milk. It is also made from sheep's milk or mare's (depending on the country).

If we consider in detail, then kefir is nothing more than a symbiosis, complex and completely unexplored (it has not been possible to obtain it industrially), consisting of bacteria of the acetic acid type, streptococci, lactic acid bacilli, substances that create aroma, and yeast . When the starter culture is placed in milk, fermentation processes start.

The first kefir came to Russia in 1909 from North Ossetia.

There are two main ways to get the product:

1. Natural- by fermenting milk in a bowl in a warm place for 3-5 days without access to sunlight, followed by straining.
2. Industrial- a special ferment made from lactic acid bacteria is added to the milk.

Now you can cook kefir yourself at home. It is enough to purchase ready-made kefir fungus or sourdough in a store or pharmacy.

Nutritional value of kefir 1% fat

The composition of BJU kefir (1 percent fat content) is represented by the following values: 2.8 / 1.0 / 4.0 g

Let's compare the ratio of BJU (proteins, fats, carbohydrates) in one percent kefir from different manufacturers:

• homemade - 3.2 / 3.5 / 4.8 g, respectively, per 100 grams of the product;
• "Bio Balance" - 3.0 / 1.0 / 5.0 g;
• "Prostokvashino" - 2.88 / 1.19 / 3.97 g;
• "House in the village" - 2.83 / 0.94 / 3.99 g;
• "Biomax" - 3.00 / 1.0 / 5.6 g;
• "Merry Milkman" - 2.9 / 1.08 / 3.98 g

Energy value of the drink

Calorie indicators in the usual 1% kefir - 40 kcal.

But constantly calculating how many calories are in a glass, spoon, etc., does not seem appropriate due to the severity, duration and laboriousness of the process. Therefore, you can use ready-made data:

1. A glass of 250 ml contains 100 kcal.
2. A glass of 200 ml - 80 kcal.
3. The calorie content of a liter of 1% kefir is 400 kcal.

Kefir 1% from different manufacturers differs in varying indicators for this parameter:

1. Homemade - 63.3 kcal.
2. Caloric content of kefir "Bio Balance" - 41 units.
3. Prostokvashino - 37.22.
4. "House in the village" - 37.06 kcal.
5. "Biomax" - 43.30 units.
6. "Merry Milkman" - 36.92 kcal.

A noteworthy fact about the drink is as follows: you can get drunk from kefir, so drivers are not recommended to drive after taking the product (when checking, the alcohol content in the body will correspond to alcohol intoxication).