The theme of war in Anna Snegina. Anna Snegina analysis of the work
"Anna Snegina"
Already in the very title of Yesenin's poem "Anna Snegina" there is a hint of plot similarity with the novel "Eugene Onegin". As in Pushkin's work, the heroes of the love story meet her years later and remember their youth, regretting that they once parted. By this time, the lyrical heroine is already becoming a married woman.
The protagonist of the work is a poet. His name, like the author, is Sergey. In addition, he has a clear portrait resemblance to S.L. Yesenin. After a long absence, he returns to his native place. The hero participated in the First World War, but soon realized that it was being fought "for someone else's interest", and deserted, buying himself a fake document - "linden". The plot of the poem contains autobiographical features. It is inspired by memories of the feelings of S.A. Yesenin to the landowner JI. Kashina, with whom he was in love in his youth.
In addition to the love line, the poem gives a broad plan of the social reality contemporary to the poet, which includes both pictures of peaceful village life and echoes of wars and revolutionary events. The poem is written in a lively colloquial language, full of dialogues, gentle humor and deep nostalgic experiences.
The poet's patriotic feeling is embodied in the subtleties of the Central Russian landscape he created, a detailed story about the traditional peasant way of life that exists in the prosperous village of Radov. The very name of this place is symbolic. Such a village really exists in Meshchera. The author's sympathies are clearly addressed to him. The men in the village live prosperously. Everything here is done in a business-like manner, in detail.
Prosperous Radov is contrasted in the poem with the village of Kriushi, where poverty and wretchedness reign: “They had a bad life - Almost the whole village galloped Plowed with one plow On a pair of hackneyed nags.” Peasants have rotten huts. It is symbolic that dogs are not kept in the village, apparently, there is nothing to steal in the houses. But the villagers themselves, exhausted by a painful fate, steal the forest in Radov. All this gives rise to conflicts and civil strife. So, from the description of the local conflict, the theme of social contradictions begins to develop in the poem. It is noteworthy that the display of various types of peasant life in the poem was an artistic innovation in the literature of that time, since in general there was a perception of the peasantry as a single social class community with the same level of prosperity and socio-political views. Gradually, the once calm and prosperous Radovo is involved in a series of troubles: "The reins have rolled down from happiness."
An important feature of the poem is its anti-war orientation. Looking at the bright spring landscape, at the flowering of the gardens of his native land, the hero feels the horror and injustice that the war brings with it even more sharply: “I think: How beautiful the Earth And the man on it. And how many unfortunate Freaks are now crippled with the war! And how many are buried in the pits! And how many more will be buried! Human life is unique and unrepeatable. How happy the heroes of the poem must have been, having spent it together among these beautiful gardens, forests and fields of their native land. But fate decreed otherwise.
Sergukha is staying with an old miller, who contributes to the story of the wealth of Meshchera: “This summer, we have more than enough mushrooms and berries in Moscow. And the game is here, brother, to hell, Itself so under gunpowder and rushing. Visiting the miller, thanks to the simple realities of rural life, the hero is immersed in memories of his youthful love. Happy meeting with his native places, the hero dreams of starting a romance. Lilac becomes a symbol of love feeling in the poem.
Important in the work is the figure of the miller himself, the hospitable owner of the house, and his troublesome wife, who seeks to feed Sergei more tasty: in the evening she serves a pie for tea, and already at dawn she bakes pancakes for the dear guest. Sergei's conversation with the old woman conveys the popular perception of the author's contemporary era: ordinary people who spend their lives in labor, in close proximity to the natural world, do not understand high revolutionary ideas and bright romantic impulses facing the future. They live for today and feel how their current worldly concerns have increased. In addition to the First World War, for which soldiers were taken to villages and villages, local conflicts aggravated in the era of anarchy exasperated the peasants. And even an ordinary village old woman is able to see the reasons for these social unrest: “All the misfortunes fell on our unreasonable people. For some reason they opened prisons, Villains were let in dashing. Now, on the high road, do not know peace from them. S.A. Yesenin shows how the violation of the usual course of events, the very revolutionary transformations that were carried out in the name of the people, turned into a series of regular problems and concerns.
It is symbolic that it is the miller's wife (a troublesome hostess and a sensible woman, rich in popular practical wisdom) who first characterizes Pron Ogloblin, a hero who embodies the image of a revolutionary-minded peasant in the poem: “Bulldyzhnik, fighter, rude. He is always embittered at everyone, Drunk for weeks in the morning. S.A. Yesenin convincingly shows that dissatisfaction with the tsarist regime and the desire for social change, even at the cost of cruelty and fratricidal massacre, was born primarily among those peasants who had a penchant for drunkenness and theft. It was people like Ogloblin who readily went to share the property of the landowners.
Sergei falls ill, and Anna Onegin comes to visit him herself. Autobiographical motifs are again heard in their conversation. The hero reads poetry to Anna about tavern Rus. And Yesenin himself, as you know, has a poetry collection "Moscow Tavern". Romantic feelings flare up in the hearts of the heroes, and soon Sergey finds out that Anna is a widow. In folk tradition, there is a belief that when a woman is waiting for her husband or fiance from the war, her love becomes a kind of amulet for him and keeps him in battle. Anna's arrival to Sergey and an attempt to continue romantic communication with him are perceived in this case as a betrayal. Thus, Anna becomes indirectly responsible for the death of her husband and is aware of this.
At the end of the poem, Sergei receives a letter from Anna, from which he learns how hard it is for her to be separated from her homeland and all that she once loved. From a romantic heroine with all her external attributes (gloves, a shawl, a white cape, a white dress), Anna turns into an earthly suffering woman who goes to meet the ships that have sailed from distant Russia at the pier. Thus, the heroes are separated not only by the circumstances of their personal lives, but also by deep historical changes.
Lesson topic: Poem by S.A. Yesenin "Anna Snegina": problems and poetics
The purpose of the lesson: the formation of an idea about the ideological content of the poem, about the ambiguity of the poet's assessment of the revolution and its results. Show that the poem by S.A. Yesenin "Anna Snegina" is one of the outstanding works of Russian literature.
During the classes
- Introduction by the teacher. Message about the topic and purpose of the lesson.
II. Updating knowledge, checking d / z.
III. Work on the topic of the lesson:
1. Teacher's word
The poem "Anna Snegina" was completed by Yesenin in January 1925. In this poem, all the main themes of Yesenin's lyrics are intertwined: homeland, love, "Rus' is leaving" and "Soviet Rus'". He considered it the best work of all written earlier.
What is this poem about? (about love, revolution and emigration)
In fact, this is Yesenin's most striking and major work, not only about first love. The main action takes place from spring to late autumn of 1917, during the period of the Russian Revolution. The "peasant wars" of two neighboring villages, the prosperous Radov and the land-deprived Kriushi, the causes of the village "troubles", the seizure of the estate of the landowner Snegina and other events are given here in the assessment of different characters in different ways. It is also significant that the poem about the revolution tells about love that has not received reciprocity. This gives the work a special ambiguity and helps Yesenin, for the first time in the literature of the 20s, to approach the topic of revolution, emigration and the disunity of the Russian intelligentsia from the standpoint of national and universal values.
How did you define the genre of the work?(poem)
Yesenin himself determinedGenre "Anna Snegina" How lyric poem.How do you understand this definition? (lyrical, because feelings, emotions are expressed; epic - there is a plot, it tells about events from the life of heroes).
The main part of the poem reproduces the events of 1917 on the Ryazan land. The fifth chapter contains a sketch of rural post-revolutionary Rus' - the action in the poem ends in 1923. The poem is autobiographical, based on memories of youthful love. But the personal fate of the hero is comprehended in connection with the fate of the people.
The events in the poem are given in sketches, and it is not the events themselves that are important to us, but the attitude of the author towards them. Yesenin's poem is both about time and about what remains unchanged at all times.The plot of the poem is the story of the unfulfilled fate of the heroes against the backdrop of a bloody and uncompromising class struggle.In the course of the analysis, we will follow how the leading motive of the poem develops, which is closely connected with the main themes: the theme of the condemnation of the war and the theme of the peasantry. Lyric epic poem.The lyrical plan of the poem is based on the fate of the main characters - Anna Snegina and the Poet. At the heart of the epic plan is the theme of the condemnation of the war and the theme of the peasantry.
IV. Analytical conversation
- Tell us how the plot develops in the 1st chapter.
(A young poet, a former deserter soldier, returns to his native village after 4 years of absence. He asks the driver to take him to a familiar miller. In the miller's house he is greeted as a friend. After tea, the poet goes to sleep in the hayloft and then recalls his youth:
Once at that gate over there
I was sixteen years old
And a girl in a white cape
She told me kindly: “No!”
Far away, they were cute.
That image in me has not faded away ...
We all loved during these years,
But they didn't love us enough.
In addition to the plot, the images of the heroes of the poem are also given in development.)
Yes, the good old miller, at first glance a carefree and easy person, turns out to be very wise: the local Bolshevik Pron is not just a fighter for him, but a defender of the Kriushans, driven to despair by landlessness; Anna is not a cold-blooded lady who defended her lands, but an unfortunate woman who lost both her husband and shelter. In the course of the poem, we learn the story of Oglobin Pron: he dies from a White Cossack bullet in the “twentieth year”.
Given in the development and images of the main characters. They give the work a biographical character.
1. Student's message about hero prototypes:
Anna Snegina has a prototype, this is the daughter of a wealthy landowner Lidia Ivanovna Kashina, with whom the poet was friends. The girl’s father owned an estate in Konstantinov, Yesenin’s native village, the Bely Yar farm, forests beyond the Oka, stretching tens of kilometers deep into Meshchera, as well as overnight houses in Moscow on Khitrovy Market.
L. Kashina was a beautiful and educated woman. In 1904 she graduated with honors from the Alexander Institute for Noble Maidens, she spoke several languages. Yesenin often visited her house, where literary evenings and home performances were held. “Our mother,” the poet’s sister recalled, “didn’t like that Sergei got into the habit of going to the mistress ... “Of course, I don’t care, but I’ll tell you what: leave this lady, she’s not a match for you, there’s nothing and to go to her ... Sergey was silent, and every evening he went to the manor house ... Mother no longer tried to talk with Sergey. And when the little children of Kashina brought bouquets of roses to Sergey, she just shook her head. In memory of this spring (1917), Sergei wrote a poem by Kashina "Green Hairstyle ...".
However, the image and fate of the mistress of the Konstantinovsky estate differ in the main thing - in relation to the revolution. If the heroine of the poem does not accept the revolution, leaves Russia, then Kashina herself handed over the house to the peasants in 1917 and moved to Moscow, where she worked as a translator, typist and stenographer.
But Yesenin wrote his heroine not only with Lydia Kashina. The origin of the name and surname of the heroine also has its own history. The name Anna, which means “rich, wonderful, grace, good looks”, does not coincide by chance with the name of Anna Alekseevna Sardanovskaya, the great-niece of the priest of the village of Konstantinovo. She was also fascinated by the poet in her youth. Anna Sardanovskaya resembles a “girl in a white cloak” with a name, age, a memorable feature of her appearance - swarthy skin (“dark hand”) and even the fact that she loved white dresses and white flowers. In addition, she was the girl who fell in love with another and affectionately said “no” to the poet. The early death of Sardanovskaya (she died in childbirth on April 7, 1921) shocked Yesenin and romanticized her image as the image of the only true love. I. Gruzinov recalled that in the spring of 1921 Yesenin told him: “I had true love. To a simple woman. In the village. I came to her. Came secretly. He told her everything. Nobody knows about it. I have loved her for a long time. Bitter me. It's a pity. She died. I didn't love anyone like that. I don't love anyone else."
But the most amazing coincidences are with the third woman, who "gave" Yesenin's heroine a surname. This woman is the writer Olga Pavlovna Snegina (1881–1929), who signed her works “O. P. Snegina ”,“ Olga Snegina ”,“ Snezhinka ”, etc. Yesenin and O. Snegina met in April 1915 in her literary salon. Snegina's dedicatory inscription on the book "Stories" (1911) is known: "To Spring Yesenin for his" Rus' ". Love Lisa from Moroshkino and me. 1915, April. Olga Snegina. We are talking about Yesenin's little poem "Rus" and the heroine of the story "The Village of Moroshkino", placed in the book donated to Yesenin and highly appreciated by M. Gorky in a letter to the author. It is curious that the pseudonym "Snegina" is a translation of the surname of her husband, a writer, an Englishman by origin E. Sno (snow - translated from English - snow). So that's where Yesenin got the mention of the "London seal" in Snegina's letter from in the poem! He could see this seal on the letters sent by her relatives from England.
2. Analytical conversation:
Which character's speech opens the poem? What is he talking about?(The poem begins with the story of a charioteer who takes the hero returning from the war to his native place. From his words, we learn the “sad news” about what is happening in the rear: the inhabitants of the once rich village of Radova are at enmity with their neighbors - poor and thieving Kriushans. This enmity led to a scandal and the murder of the headman and to the gradual ruin of Radov..)
What is common between the lyrical hero and the author? Can they be identified?(Although the lyrical hero bears the name Sergei Yesenin, he cannot be completely identified with the author. The hero, in the recent past a peasant in the village of Radova, and now a famous poet who deserted from Kerensky's army and has now returned to his native places, of course, has much in common with the author and, first of all, in the structure of thoughts, in moods, in relation to the events and people described.)
So, together with the hero, the famous poet, we return to his homeland. And at the very end of the first chapter, the reader comes to life with the memory of the lyrical hero about his youth, about his first love: returning to his homeland is a return to himself after moral torment in the war, from which he deserted:
The war has eaten away my soul.
For someone else's interest
I shot at my close body
And he climbed on his brother with his chest.
I realized that I am a toy ...
In the second chapter, we learn that the same girl was Anna Snegina, the daughter of a landowner who lives next door: "He was funny / Once in love with me." But the hero is no longer “such a modest boy”, he has become not only a writer and a “famous bump” - he has become a different person, and the thoughts that possess him at that moment are not at all of an exalted nature: “Now it would be nice to have a beautiful soldier / novel". Therefore, the news of the Snegins does not arouse in him a desire to see him:
Nothing entered my soul
Nothing bothered me.
Such is the hero at the beginning of the work. What happens to him in the third part?
– How does the author portray the appearance of the lyrical heroine, peeping through vague visions of the disease? (“White dress”, “upturned nose”, “slender face”, “gloves and shawl” - that’s all that the poet noticed or considered necessary to describe. The appearance of the heroine is as elusive as the feeling that once lived in the heart of a young man and now carefully began to remind of itself)
This almost forgotten feeling of falling in love returns to the poet, and he does not want to violate its purity. And so the meeting took place.
3. Reading the episode by roles:
"I listened to her and involuntarily ..." and to the words "There is something beautiful in summer, / And with summer, beautiful in us."
– Why is the description of the poet’s meeting with Anna so full of dots?(The appearance of these signs is like a curtain that draws whenever a curious and importunate eye is ready to consider something vulgar in the emerging relationship. This curtain separates him, today, who has gone through a tavern frenzy, satiated with easy victories, and that sixteen-year-old, who for the first time fell in love with a young man whose sublime feeling, suddenly reborn, is so beautiful that a completely possible banal "romance" cannot be compared with him. .
Scenes of painful conversations of lyrical heroes are opened in Yesenin not only by a master of creating speech characteristics, but also by a brilliant psychologist.)
- Compare the portrait details of the fourth part with the previous ones. What do they point to?(“A beautiful and sensual mouth twisted with care” and “her body is tight” - these by no means romantic definitions frame the monologue of the heroine, confessing to a “criminal passion”, which, she realizes, has no and cannot have a future.)
- How does the author emphasize that the feelings of the heroine are painful, and recognition is given to her with incredible difficulty and pain?(First of all, you need to pay attention to the dots: there are 12 of them in 17 lines of her monologue! The heroine’s speech is intermittent, and this discontinuity is surprisingly emphasized by alliteration: the repetition of the voiced “b”, which sounds assertive: it was, madly, loved, hurts, is replaced by a deaf “t”: cruelty, judgment, mystery, they call it criminal passion.)
The appearance of the heroine is also related to this image.
The development of relationships according to a banal love scheme will destroy the charm of bright memories and can deprive the poet of the most precious and intimate part of his soul.
This insight illuminates the words of the heroine: “It is already dawn. The dawn is like a fire in the snow ... "There are again ellipsis in her speech (there are 10 of them in 11 lines of her words):
In her imagination, memories are born gradually, the quivering childhood feeling has been erased from her memory.
- When will this bright feeling return to the heroine? We read about it in the fifth part.
- How does Anna appear to the reader at the end of the poem?
How will this unusual romance end?
The letter sent from abroad said much more to the soul of the poet than words entrusted to paper could express.
What do you think the blue color that suddenly appears in Anna's words symbolizes?
(The blue color is both the color of his soul and the color of the heavenly monastery, the mountainous world, in which the souls of the poet and the “girl in a white cloak” unite.)
- From there, from afar, the lyrical heroine could see the poet's love and her love; the recollection of a sublime and pure feeling crowns their souls revived in this love forever, and the poem becomes a book about an unfulfilled, but happy love. This is how one can comprehend the end of the poem, where the only significant image for the poet was highlighted and appeared before us:
They were far cute! ..
That image in me has not faded away.
We all loved during these years,
But that means
They loved us too.
Please note that the acquisition of reciprocity is emphasized by the introduced changes in comparison with the first part: a couplet with an emotional outburst, indicated by the combination of an exclamation with an ellipsis, is highlighted in a separate stanza. And the two lines, which previously spoke of an unrequited feeling, now turn into a kind of crown - a three-line, which crowns both the mutual feeling of the characters and the poem itself.
So, in an epic work about the revolution, about life in the countryside in these troubled years, a lyrical story about love and the bitter emigre lot of a person in whom the feeling of love for the motherland has not died is intertwined:
Now I'm away from you...
It's April in Russia now.
And blue veil
Covered with birch and spruce.
… … … … … … … …
I often go to the pier
And, whether for joy, or in fear,
I look among the courts more and more closely
On the red Soviet flag.
Now there have reached strength.
My path is clear...
But you are still nice to me
Like home and like spring.
V. Final word of the teacher.
- "Distant, sweet" images made the soul rejuvenate, but also regret the departed forever. At the end of the poem, only one word has changed, but the meaning has changed significantly. Nature, homeland, spring, love - these words are one row. And the person who forgives is right.
Homework:Reread S. Yesenin's poem "The Black Man"
A major poem by Sergei Yesenin, the last of his great works. It reflected both the poet's memories of his love, and a critical understanding of the revolutionary events. The poem was written in 1925, shortly before Yesenin's death.
Plot. A young poet named Sergusha (in whom it is not difficult to recognize the image of Yesenin himself) returns to his native village from St. Petersburg, tired of the turbulent events of the revolution. The village changed markedly after the abolition of the tsarist regime. The hero meets with local residents, as well as with peasants from the neighboring village of Kriushi. Among them is Pron Ogloblin - a revolutionary, popular agitator and propagandist; Pyotr Mochalin, a native of the same village as Yesenin, a peasant who worked at a Kolomna plant, served as its prototype.
The peasants ask the hero about the latest events in the country and the capital, as well as who Lenin is. Anna Snegina also arrives - a young landowner, with whom the hero was in love in his youth. They communicate, remember the past. After some time, Sergusha arrives in Kriusha and becomes a participant in a riot: local peasants force Anna Snegina to give them land. In addition, information comes that Snegina's husband was killed in the war. The girl is offended by the poet, but she cannot do anything. The peasants take the land, and Anna leaves the village forever, while asking the poet for forgiveness. Sergusha returns to Petersburg and subsequently learns that Ogloblin was shot by the Whites. A letter also arrives from Anna Snegina from London.
History of creation. Yesenin wrote the poem in the Caucasus, where he went "in search of creative inspiration." Inspiration, I must say, came, the poet had ideas and strength to work; before that, he wrote almost nothing for two years, although he traveled around Europe and America. In the last years of his life, Yesenin experienced a certain creative impulse. A number of works written at that time dealt with "oriental" motifs, as well as the revolution and the new Soviet reality. One of these works was the poem "Anna Snegina", in which, however, the assessment of the revolution and its consequences is not so unambiguous.
The prototype of Anna Snegina was Lydia Kashina (Kulakova), a friend and one of Yesenin's first listeners. She was the daughter of a wealthy merchant who bought an estate in the Yesenin village of Konstantinovo; The estate was inherited by her. After the revolution, the estate passed to the state, and Kashina got a job, first as a clerk in the Red Army, and then in the Trud newspaper; the poet continued to communicate with her.
Heroes. Narrator, Anna Snegina, Pron Ogloblin, Labutya, Snegina's mother, miller.
Subject. The work touches upon the theme of the Motherland, love, war (revolution, war).
Issues. In his poem, Yesenin showed how revolutionary events affected the fate of individuals and how the new order influenced such realities as love, friendship between a man and a woman, and all “high” human attitudes. The revolution divided Sergusha, who stood on the side of the people, and Snegina, his friend and lover, but belonging to the upper class. Anna was angry and offended by the poet; then they reconciled, but the girl still could not stay with him in Russia.
Soviet critics spoke favorably of the poem, not noticing in it subtle criticism of the revolution and the new regime. The “Soviet people” are shown in it as a rude, dark and cruel bunch, while the noblewoman Snegina is a character that seems to be very positive. The main thing is that the rebellious peasants - and the revolution as a whole - destroyed love, and with it the dreams and all the bright aspirations of people. Sergusha (and along with him Yesenin himself) does not understand and does not accept the war.
The revolution, which began as a struggle for a brighter and more just world, turned into an incomprehensible and bloody civil war in which everyone was against everyone. The poet does not accept violence and cruelty, even if they are carried out "in the name of justice." Therefore, the Kriush peasants are not depicted in positive colors. Pron Ogloblin himself is a rude, fighter and drunkard, always angry at everyone; his brother is the last coward and opportunist: at first he was loyal to the tsarist regime, and then he signed up for the revolutionaries, but when the village is captured by the whites, he hides, not wanting to defend his homeland.
One way or another, with the establishment of a new reality, everything changes. Even Anna Snegina. When she learns about the death of Borya, her husband, in the war, she begins to reproach Sergusha, with whom she had previously communicated peacefully and sincerely; now he is “a pathetic and low coward” for her, because he lives quietly and peacefully, while Boris “heroically” died in the war. It turns out that dear well-being of the nobility and happiness in the family nest is dear to her, but at the same time she does not notice the injustice that is happening around, including with her own hands: poor peasants are forced to cultivate her land. That is why Sergusha is sad, and the whole poem is sustained in sad tones. The hero seems to be at a crossroads. He categorically does not recognize the division of people into "masters" and "slaves", but he is not at all delighted with the behavior of the insurgent people.
Composition. The poem has five chapters. The first part tells about the events of the First World War. In the second part of the commentary on ongoing events. In the third chapter, events take place during the revolution (the relationship of the main characters). In the fourth culmination of events. In the fifth - the end of the Civil War and the result of everything that happened.
Genre of the work. Yesenin himself called "Anna Snegina" a lyric-epic poem. However, researchers give other definitions; the most correct, apparently, is to call it a story in verse. The similarity of the poem with "Eugene Onegin" was repeatedly noted, expressed even in the rhyming of its title with the title of Pushkin's novel in verse.
About Sergei Yesenin's poem "Anna Snegina"
The artistic embodiment of the era in which writers and poets lived and worked influenced the formation of the views not only of their contemporaries, but also of their descendants. The poet Sergei Yesenin was and remains such a ruler of thoughts.
The image of time with its problems, heroes, searches, doubts was in the center of attention of writers of the 19th and 20th centuries. Today, the idea of Yesenin as a major social thinker with a heightened perception of his time is becoming increasingly stronger. Yesenin's poetry is a source of deep reflection on many social and philosophical problems. This is history and revolution, the state and the people, the village and the city, the people and the individual.
Comprehending the tragedy of Russia in the 20s, Yesenin predetermined, foresaw everything that we only recently spoke out loud after seventy years of silence. With amazing power, Yesenin captured that “new” that was forcibly introduced into the life of the Russian village, “exploded” it from the inside and now led to a well-known state. Yesenin wrote in a letter his impressions of those years: "I was in the village. Everything is collapsing ... The end of everything."
Yesenin was shocked by the complete degeneration of the patriarchal village: the miserable life of the village ruined by years of "internecine strife", "calendar Lenin" instead of the icons thrown out by the Komsomol sisters, "Capital" instead of the Bible. The poet sums up the tragic result of all this in the poem "Soviet Rus'":
That's the country!
What the hell am I
Shouted in verse that I am friendly with the people?
My poetry is no longer needed here
And, perhaps, I myself am not needed here either.
The poem "Anna Onegin", written shortly before the death of the poet - in 1924, was a kind of generalization of Yesenin's thoughts about this dramatic and controversial time and absorbed many of the motives and images of his lyrics.
In the center of the poem is the personality of the author. His attitude to the world permeates the entire content of the poem and unites the events taking place. The poem itself is distinguished by polyphony, which corresponds to the spirit of the depicted era, the struggle of human passions. The poem closely intertwines lyrical and epic beginnings.
The personal theme is the main one here. "Epic" events are revealed through the fate, consciousness, feelings of the poet and the main character. The name itself suggests that in the center is the fate of a man, a woman, against the backdrop of the historical collapse of old Russia. The name of the heroine sounds poetic and ambiguous. Snegina - a symbol of the purity of white snow - echoes the spring flowering of bird cherry, white as snow, and, according to Yesenin, means a symbol of youth lost forever. In addition, this poetry looks like an obvious dissonance against the background of time.
The theme of time and the theme of the motherland are closely connected in the poem. The action begins in Ryazan in 1917 and ends in 1923. Behind the fate of one of the corners of the Russian land, the fate of the country and the people is guessed. Changes in the life of the village, in the guise of a Russian peasant, begin to unfold from the first lines of the poem - in the story of the driver, who delivers the poet, who has not been in his native place for a long time.
The hidden conflict of the prosperous village of Radovo ("Everyone has a garden and a threshing floor") with the impoverished village of Kriushi, which "plowed with one plow", leads to a fratricidal war. Criushans, convicted of stealing the forest, are the first to start the massacre: "... they are in axes, we are the same." And then the reprisal against the despotic foreman, who represented power in the village:
The scandal smells of murder.
Both ours and theirs
Suddenly one of them gasps! -
And immediately killed the foreman.
The time of revolution and permissiveness pushed out from the ranks of the Kriushans the local leader Pron Ogloblin, who does not have any life aspirations, except to "drink moonshine in a tavern." This rural revolutionary is "a fighter, a rude man", he "is drunk from morning to week..." The old miller's woman says this about Pron, considering him a destroyer, and a murderer at that. Yesenin emphasizes the Pugachev principle in Pron, who, like a tsar, stands above the people:
Ogloblin stands at the gate
And I'll be drunk in the liver and in the soul
The impoverished people are dying:
"Hey you! You cockroach brat!
All to Snegina! R-raz and kvass
Give, they say, your land
Without any ransom from us!"
"Cockroach brat!" - this is how the hero addresses the people, in whom many in the old days saw a Bolshevik-Leninist. Terrible, in essence, a type generated by a turning point. An addiction to alcohol also distinguishes another Ogloblin, Pronov's brother Labutya, a tavern beggar, a liar and a coward. He "with an important posture, like a certain gray-haired veteran," ended up "in the Council" and lives "without a callus on his hands." If the fate of Pron, with all his negative sides, acquires a tragic sound in connection with his death, then the life of Labuti is a pitiful, disgusting farce. It is remarkable that it was Labutya who "went first to describe Snegin's house" and arrested all its inhabitants, who were subsequently saved from a speedy trial by a kind miller.
The miller in the poem is the embodiment of kindness, closeness to nature, mercy and humanity. His image is permeated with lyricism and is dear to the author as one of the brightest and kindest folk principles. It is no coincidence that the miller constantly connects people. Melnik embodies the Russian national character in its "ideal" version, and in this way, as it were, opposes the poet, whose soul is offended and embittered, and an anguish is felt in it.
When "the grimy rabble played the Tambov foxtrot on pianos in the yards for cows," when blood was shed and natural human ties were destroyed, we perceive the image of Anna Snegina in a special way. Her fate, written out by Yesenin in the best traditions of Russian classics, looks light and sad. The heroine appears before us in the haze of the romantic past - "they were happy" - and the harsh present. A mirage of memories, "a girl in a white cape" disappeared in the "beautiful far away" of youth. Now the heroine, widowed, deprived of her fortune, forced to leave her homeland, strikes with her Christian forgiveness:
You hurt, Anna,
For your farm ruin?
But somehow sad and strange
She lowered her gaze...
Anna does not feel any anger or hatred towards the peasants who ruined her. Emigration does not embitter her either: with light sadness she recalls her irretrievable past. Despite the drama of the fate of the landowner Anna Snegina, kindness and humanity emanates from her image. The humanistic beginning sounds especially poignant in the poem in connection with the condemnation of the war - imperialistic and fratricidal. The war is condemned by the entire course of the poem, its various characters and situations: the miller and his old woman, the driver, the events of the life of A. Snegina.
The war has eaten away my soul.
For someone else's interest
I shot at my close body
And he climbed on his brother with his chest.
The time of change appears in the poem in its tragic guise. The poetic assessment of events is striking in its humanity, "humanity that cherishes the soul," for only a patriot poet, a proven humanist, seeing "how much is buried in the pits," how many "freaks are now crippled," could write:
I think,
How beautiful
Russian literature is rich in iconic personalities who made a significant contribution to the era and influenced an entire generation. Of course, Sergei Yesenin is one of them. Many people know his poems, but not everyone is familiar with the biography. Correcting this annoying omission is quite simple. You can get to know the wide world of the author better in the book by Sergei Yesenin "Anna Snegina". The content of the work tells about the poet, who visited long-forgotten places, which allowed him to experience a wave of feelings that had not cooled down over the years. The book is easy to understand and rich in weighty verbal turns. Now, without a dictionary, it is difficult to understand all the jargon of that time, but they had an effect of life-like plausibility on the work.
Intersection of characters with real people
Sergei Yesenin took all his characters from his own life experience. Anna's prototype was Lidia Ivanovna Kashina. Other characters do not bear full resemblance to real people. But these are all the characters of the poet's fellow villagers. Although there is much in common between Pron Ogloblin and Pyotr Yakovlevich Mochalin. Two at one time were engaged in the propaganda of Lenin's ideas.
The personality of the author in the work
Melnik often calls the main character Sergusha, and yet there is no absolute match between the author and his character. According to Anna's description, the portrait of the narrator is similar to that of the poet. But you can't really say for sure. Nevertheless, an analysis of Yesenin's poem ("Anna Snegina") can be done based on the fact that the book is autobiographical.
Also in one of the conversations, the main character says that his character is connected with the fact that he was born in the fall (Sergey Alexandrovich was born on October 3). According to the poem, he comes to the village of Radovo, in reality, in 1917-1918, Yesenin visited the village of Konstantinovo. Like his character, he is very tired from the military events. I wanted to relax and calm my nerves, which is the easiest thing to do away from the capital.
Even the summary of "Anna Snegina" shows how much the author put his own experiences into the poem.
The image of Anna Snegina
The image of the first love, Anna Snegina, is partially based on a real woman named Lidia Ivanovna Kashina (years of life 1886-1937). Before the revolution, she lived in (in the poem Radovo), where the poet comes from and where the book hero came to hide from military tragedies. In 1917, her house became the property of the peasants, and Lidia Ivanovna moved to another estate. Yesenin often visited both his parental and other houses. But, most likely, there was no story at the gate with a girl in a white cape and a gentle “no”. Kashina had two children who loved Sergei very much. Her relationship with her husband was not very close.
In 1918 Lydia moved to Moscow and worked as a stenographer in the capital. They also saw each other often in the city. Unlike Anna, Lydia did not move to London. The real Kashina is very different from the character invented by the poet, such as Anna Snegina. The analysis showed that there are many inconsistencies in the characterization of these two figures. Nevertheless, the image of the main character came out mysterious and exciting.
Arrival in Radovo
From the first lines of the poem, the author introduces us to the atmosphere of the village of Radovo. According to him, the village would appeal to anyone who is looking for peace and comfort. Near the forests there is a lot of water, fields and pastures, there are lands lined with poplars. In general, the peasants lived well, but the authorities increased taxes over time.
In the village next door, Kriushi, things were getting worse, so the residents cut down the forest near Radovo. The two sides met, with bloody consequences. Since then, problems have begun in the village.
Such news is heard by the narrator on the way.
We learn that Yesenin, from whom the story comes, decides to forget all the hardships of the war with his arrival in the village. The summary of "Anna Snegina" is also the experiences of the narrator. He shares his thoughts on the absurdity of the war and the unwillingness to fight for the merchants and the nobility who remain in the rear. Yesenin chooses a different fate for himself and is ready for a different kind of courage. From now on, he calls himself the first deserter.
After the author has paid the cab driver in excess of the norm, he goes to the mill. There he is warmly welcomed by the owner and his wife. From their conversation we learn that Sergey came for a year. Then he recalls the girl in a white cape, who at the gate affectionately told him “no”. Thus ends the first chapter of the poem.
Acquaintance of the reader with Anna
The miller calls the hero Sergusha when he wakes him up for breakfast, and he himself says that he is going to the landowner Snegina. On the way, Yesenin admires the beauty of the April garden and, against his will, recalls the cripples of the war.
During breakfast, the author is talking to the "old woman", the miller's wife, who is one of the characters in the poem "Anna Snegina". The summary of her monologue is a complaint about the troubles that came to them after the overthrow of tsarism. The woman also remembers a man named Pron Ogloblin. It was he who was the killer during the fight in the forest.
During the conversation, the narrator decides to visit Kriushi.
On the way he meets a miller. He says that when he shared his joy about the arrival of a guest, the young, married Anna, the daughter of the hosts, was delighted. She said that when the poet was young, he was in love with her. During this, the miller smiled slyly, but Yesenin is not offended by sly words. Sergei thinks that it would be nice to have a little romance with a beautiful soldier.
The village of Kriushi met him with rotten houses. Nearby, a dispute broke out about new laws. Sergei greeted his old friends and began to answer the questions of the peasants that poured in from all sides. When asked: "Who is Lenin?" - replies: "He is you."
Feelings of Anna and Sergey
The third chapter of the poem begins with the author feeling unwell. He was delirious for several days and understood little of what kind of guest the miller had gone for him. When the hero woke up, he realized that the figure in the white dress was his old acquaintance. Further in the poem, they recall the past days, where we learn their summary. Anna Snegina has not been in his life since his youth. It was with her that he sat under the gate. The woman talks about how together they dreamed of glory, Yesenin achieved his goal, and Anna forgot about her dreams because of the young officer who became her husband.
The poet does not like thoughts about the past, but he does not dare to express his point of view on the chosen topic. Smoothly, Anna begins to reproach him for drinking, which the whole country knows about, asks what is the reason for them. Yesenin only sprinkles jokes. Snegina asks if he loves someone, Sergey replies: "No." They parted at dawn, when the feelings that had raged there at the age of sixteen were renewed in the poet's heart.
After some time, he receives a note from Ogloblin. He calls Yesenin to go with him to Anna and ask for land. He reluctantly agrees.
Some kind of grief happened in Anna's house, what exactly, the poet does not know. From the threshold Ogloblin asks for land. The demand for allotment remains unanswered. Anna's mother thinks that the man has come to her daughter and invites him. Yesenin enters the room. Anna Snegina mourns her husband, who died in the war and reproaches the guest for cowardice. After these words, the poet decides to leave the woman alone with her grief and go to a tavern.
Separation of the main characters
In the fourth chapter, Yesenin tries to forget about Anna. But everything changes, and Ogloblin comes to power along with his lazy brother. They waste no time describing the Snegins' house along with property and livestock. The miller takes the mistresses of the house to himself. The woman apologizes for her words. Former lovers talk a lot. Anna remembers the dawn they met when they were young. The next evening, the women headed off in an unknown direction. Sergey also leaves to dispel sadness and sleep.
letter of hope
Further, the poem "Anna Snegina" tells about the six post-revolutionary years. The summary of subsequent events is as follows: the miller sends a letter to Yesenin, where he reports that Ogloblin was shot by the Cossacks. His brother, meanwhile, was hiding in the straw. He sincerely asks Sergei to visit him. The poet agrees and sets off. He is greeted with joy, as before.
An old friend gives him a letter with a London seal from Anne. She writes simply and ironically, but through the text the poet captures her feeling of love. Yesenin goes to bed and again looks, as he did so many years ago, at the gate, where once a girl in a white cloak said affectionately “no”. But this time Sergei Alexandrovich concludes that in those years we loved, but it turns out that they also loved us.
Themes of the work
The story begins in 1917. The last, fifth chapter is dated 1923. A bright accent in the poem is the war between two villages, which is interpreted as a civil one. You can draw a parallel between the estate of the Snegins and the authorities, this symbolizes the failure of tsarism.
And although in a letter to a friend, Sergei Yesenin wrote that he was now worried and his muse had left him, nevertheless, the work “Anna Snegina” can be easily attributed to the “pearls” of Russian literature.