Auditor letter. The role of remarks in N.V. Gogol's comedy "The Government Inspector"

Dear Andrey Ivanovich Chmykhov, I express my gratitude to you for notifying me of the auditor's arrival. As soon as your letter fell into my hands, I immediately called the landlords and managers of various types of institutions to my place. I confess to you that everyone was greatly surprised and frightened by this unpleasant news. I instructed everyone to prepare for the arrival of the auditor. Especially that hospitals and charitable institutions look appropriate.

Write the name of the disease in Latin over the beds of the sick, give new white caps, remove hunting equipment. As for the gymnasiums, this is another problem. After all, what faces the teacher makes, it’s even scary to think. Okay, if still a student, but if the auditor, he can take it personally. And then who knows what will happen. I remember you wrote to me about sins. So I warned everyone about this as well. However, Lyapkin-Tyapkin assured me that he takes bribes only with greyhound puppies, and this is no longer a bribe. It also seemed to me necessary to note that the postmaster opened each letter and looked through it, suddenly there would be some kind of denunciation. Although Ivan Kuzmich told me that he always prints out letters every time out of curiosity. Maybe it's for the best. But then Dobchinsky and Bobchinsky suddenly appeared, all agitated, assured that they had brought important news. I asked them to calm down and tell me everything in detail. Dobchinsky told me what he had seen in Khlestakov's hotel, and that this was the inspector himself. Oh, and we got scared then! I gave the order to clean the streets, and I myself went to the hotel. Arriving at the place, I immediately went to Khlestakov. He asked me for a loan to pay for the innkeeper's food. I gave him 400 rubles. Then I wondered where he was going and asked him. Khlestakov replied that he was going to the village to his father. What a clever disguise! I invited him to stay at my house. This will make it easier to open it. After writing a note to my wife, we went to charitable institutions. Thank God everything is going well so far! Arriving home, Khlestakov began to talk about his life. We all almost died of fear when he told us that even his advice was afraid. After all the conversations, Khlestakov went to bed, and in the meantime I began to question Osip, his servant. He said that his master loves order. After giving Osip a bagel and a tip, I let him go. In order to prevent complaints against me, I put Derzhimorda and Svistunov on the porch. In addition to the above, another interesting thing happened to me. The next morning, Khlestakov asked for blessings to marry my daughter, which surprised me greatly. Of course, I saw that Khlestakov was showing signs of attention to Marya Antonovna, but I could not imagine that it would come to a wedding. Therefore, now we will live in St. Petersburg. I hope that my old dream of becoming a general will come true here. I will now be a high-flying bird. As soon as I arrive, I will write a letter about how I got settled.

Plotnikov, Sergei

8th grade student of MAOU secondary school No. 14

Teacher: Mironova Elena Vladimirovna.

Letter to the Minister of the Interior

“Dear benefactor, my lord! I am pleased to inform you further on the issue that you instructed me - to trace who Khlestakov is, the false auditor who visited the county town N.

I hardly found out about the letter that came to the mayor from Andrey Ivanovich Chmykhov. It reports on the auditor arriving in this county.

Further, sir, there was a commotion in the city. It consisted in the fact that the previously known gossips Dobchinsky and Bobchinsky inform the mayor about a man, allegedly an auditor, who lives in a hotel. And here, my benefactor, the first idea of Khlestakov is formed. However, I will quote: “Not bad appearance, in a particular dress, walks around the room that way, and in the face there is a kind of reasoning ... physiognomy ... actions, and here (twisting his hand near his forehead) there is a lot, a lot of things ... "And then, as you yourself guessed it, everyone thinks that this person is the auditor, and allegedly has been living in this county for two weeks ...

But I will not dare to leave my assignments, my father.

The character of Osip, Khlestakov's servant, is also important. Sorry if I didn't please you with this information. Osip turns out to be smarter than his master. I’ll perhaps give you his words about my master: “I’ve profited expensive money, my dear, now he sits and tucked his tail, and doesn’t get excited ... after all, the Elystratishka is simple. He gets acquainted with the passers-by, and then in cards - so you finished playing! As you already understood, with the help of Osip, my sovereign, the character of Khlestakov is revealed.

So, have you already created any image of Khlestakov from what I wrote to you? According to Osip's reasoning, it turns out that Khlestakov is a carefree person, loves to play cards and give orders. Do not be angry, my father, if you made mistakes in quotations.

Then a scene unfolds where Khlestakov and the mayor do not understand each other (“... which means ... I don’t want ... to another apartment: that is, to prison!”). But after a while, everyone goes to the mayor's house. And what, my benefactor, did I observe then? Yes, the fact that Khlestakov begins to lie about himself (“... with Pushkin on a friendly footing ... They even write “Your Excellency” on my packages). His speech is sometimes suddenly interrupted, as Khlestakov understands that they may not believe him (“... you can only hear: w ... w ... f ... Sometimes the minister ... "). He says that he wrote many compositions. My prince, for reliability I will give you a quote: “Yes, I put it in magazines. However, there are many of my works: "The Marriage of Figaro", "Robert is the Devil", "Karma" ... ". Such a county town N, where you sent me, is a province where they do not know about contemporary writers and their works. And in general, if I'm wrong, don't get angry, I think that people in this province are lagging behind the modern way of life, because even the city is not known where! The only one more enlightened than the rest turns out to be Marya Antonovna, if you don’t recognize this name, then she is the mayor’s daughter, who is trying to say that Khlestakov is telling a lie, but the liar gets out of this position very cleverly. (“Ah, mother, it says there that this is Mr. Zagoskin’s work ... - Oh, yes, ... there is another “Yuri Miloslavsky”, so that’s mine.”)

And what, my sovereign, is going on next! All officials decide to give Khlestakov bribes so that the auditor does not inspect their establishments. (“Well, we know what. Slip it? Well, yes, even slip it…”). But Khlestakov, father, understands that they believed him and borrows money from officials, more and more. (“Can’t you lend me three hundred rubles?.. You don’t have any money? Loans a thousand rubles.”). That's so cunning!

Further, Osip understands that he needs to go until his owner is exposed. But Khlestakov has already got a taste: before leaving, he takes money from the mayor, and in addition a Persian carpet. My sovereign, Khlestakov is leaving at the most convenient moment. And read what comes next. After some time, the postmaster printed out of habit a letter that Khlestakov wrote to Tryapichkin, a letter where he ridicules the mayor and all officials. Here are the words there: “The mayor is stupid, like a gray gelding” and the like. Moreover, an official from St. Petersburg arrived, about whom the gendarme informed everyone. My lord, you should have seen their faces!

So, my report to you. Khlestakov is a cunning, liar and narrow-minded person who lives one day, does not refuse what itself floats into his hands.

Retired official from county town N

The role of remarks in N.V. Gogol's comedy "The Government Inspector".

Comedy is funny on the outside;

but inside it is grief-grief,

girded with a bast, tangled with washcloths.

From the magazine "Molva"

Gogol came to literature as a talented prose writer, but he is no less talented as a playwright. Reading Gogol, one admires his gift as a painter, satirist, humorist and marvels at the writer's ability to see the world through magic glass. This glass not only enlarged a social phenomenon or human vice, it grotesquely distorted it to the point of disgrace.

A master of the artistic word, Gogol strove for conciseness, conciseness both in the replicas of the characters, and in copyright remarks.

A remark is an explanation of the author to a dramatic text regarding the situation, the behavior of the characters. Perhaps, before Gogol, not a single playwright used stage directions in such a variety, did not attach such importance to them. Gogol's remarks are determined by the characters' characters. They emphasize the images created on the stage of rogues, swindlers, bribe-takers, embezzlers of public funds, hiding behind saving bureaucratic uniforms.

Gogol staged the premiere of The Inspector General himself, making corrections to the production. Most often, he uses technical remarks, indicating that officials “sit down”, “sit down”, “shake with fear”. Strawberries "speaks to the side", then - "out loud", the mayor "speaks to himself."

Some remarks have a vaudeville character - they are used to captivate, make the viewer laugh: here is Anna Andreevna “waving her handkerchief” to her husband. This is the same scarf that we will see on the neck of Marya Antonovna in the fourth act. “What a beautiful handkerchief you have! How I wish, madam, to be your handkerchief to hug your lily neck, ”Khlestakov tells her. The viewer laughs when Khlestakov “pulls a chair” (the remark is repeated three times), and Marya Antonovna pushes him away when Dobchinsky and Bobchinsky, “approaching the handle”, collided with their foreheads and “Bobchinsky flies along with the door to the stage.”

Other remarks are used to reinforce the diatribe-satirical sense of the comedy. The mayor, having learned about the arrival of the auditor, gives an order to the private bailiff and after the words “oh, oh .... ho, ho! sinful, sinful in many ways” (“takes a case instead of a hat”), promises to light a candle to God if “everything gets away with it” and “instead of a hat he wants to put on a paper case”. This remark already in the first act warns the reader about the "empty chores" of the mayor.

In addition to technical remarks, the writer uses psychological remarks. They reveal the state of the hero, emphasize the tension of the situation, indicate a change in intonation. The excitement of the mayor at the beginning of the comedy is reflected not only in the speech of the hero, but also in the remarks: “mutters in an undertone, quickly running through his eyes”, “stopping”, “sighing”, “makes a grimace”; in any situation, he remains a "reasoner", and in confirmation of this remark - "significantly raises his finger up."

Petersburg bureaucrat Khlestakov, who got the opportunity to splurge, “slips and almost flops on the floor, but is “respectfully supported by officials”; he says in a "quick, staccato voice", "with a declamation", takes bribes and "examines banknotes".

Gogol gives either monosyllabic or widespread remarks. In the denouement of the comedy (d.4, yavl.9), Khlestakov “begins to write” a letter, “writes”, “writes”, “writes”, “continues to write”, “folds and inscribes”, “gives Osip a letter”, “approaching to the window”, accepts requests from the window, “unrolls one of them and reads”.

The very piling up of the same words in remarks makes the text ridiculous and makes the reader think about the stupidity of the “wick”, “elistratishka”.

Separate remarks cause numerous remarks of the characters. Here is the sneezing of the mayor, which caused a whole “tirade” of remarks: “We wish you good health, your honor!”, “A hundred years and a bag of chervonets!”, “God prolong forty forty!” - after which the voices of Strawberries are heard: “May you be gone!” and Korobkin's wife: “Damn you!”, - to which the mayor replies: “Thank you very much! And I wish you the same!”

The author's remarks in comedy play an unusual role: they seem to replace the director when staging a play: “a room in the mayor's house”, “a small room in a hotel. A bed, a table, a suitcase, an empty bottle, boots, a clothes brush, etc.”, “the same room in the mayor’s house” - these remarks “draw” the interior.

In the "menu" of characters - "speaking names and surnames: judge Lyapkin-Tyapkin", district doctor Gibner, private bailiff Ukhovertov, and so on. "Remarks for the gentlemen of the actors" - this is also the author's remarks, contributing to the "directing". Gogol introduces us to the mayor, “already aged in the service and a very intelligent, in his own way, person ...”, Khlestakov, “slender, somewhat stupid and, as they say, without a king in his head”, postmaster, “a simple-minded person to the point of naivety” ... And at the end of the "Remarks" the writer insistently advises: "Gentlemen actors should especially pay attention to the last scene." The famous “silent scene” at the end of the comedy is also a side note, but “silent”. The auditorium captures in silent contemplation, as well as the characters on the stage. The author requires the scene to last a minute and a half. It seems that another second of silence - and our heart will break. A saving curtain comes to the rescue.

By the way, the remarks concerning the curtain at the end of each act are also capacious, informative and interesting. At the end of the first act, the mayor yells out the window: “Hurry, hurry, hurry, hurry!” until the curtain falls. So the curtain closes both of them (mother and daughter) standing at the window.

In the second act, “the curtain falls” after the mayor’s address to Bobchinsky: “You too! Have not found another place to fall! And stretched out like the devil knows what it is.

The departure of the mayor from the stage "on tiptoe" after the quarterly ends the third act.

The fourth act ends with the remark: “The bell is ringing; the curtain falls."

And finally, the curtain after the "mute from the price". It turns out according to the author's remarks. That the curtain is one of the heroes of comedy and, probably, positive!

It's time to turn to another author's remark - the epigraph of the comedy: "There is nothing to blame on the mirror, if the face is crooked." Here it is, the very magic glass, which not only magnifies, but also grotesquely distorts the reflection. Gogol gave the epigraph to the comedy a few years after its production, when critics furiously accused the writer of slandering Russia.

In his work, Gogol "wanted to collect everything bad and laugh at everything at once," so comedy is not slander, but a mirror. The epigraph sounds harsh and bold, he urges readers: do not blame the mirror, do not reproach it for distorting it, but take a closer look at its reflection. And how can one not remember the unknown author of the 19th century, who exclaimed: “We, comrades, need better Shchedrins and such Gogols so that they don’t touch us!”

"The role of letters and notes in the comedy auditor" (type of essay)

Answers:

Letters and notes in the comedy "The Inspector General" played a very significant role, because it was from the letter that the mayor received the news of the arrival of the capital auditor ... Khlestakov also wrote to his friend in St. Petersburg about how he played these fools. His deceit was revealed solely because of this letter. Both at the very beginning of the story, and at its end, the letters were of great importance. Exceptionally, all of them received the information they needed. And, therefore, do not underestimate the importance of written documents.