Chudik is Shukshin's favorite hero. The weirdo is the focus of the best features of the Russian people. There are people, in the city or in the countryside, who seem strange to others. They are called weirdos. And they are not weird or eccentric. They are distinguished from ordinary people only by the fact that they are talented and beautiful. They are beautiful because their destinies are merged with the fate of the people, they do not live separately. The work of Vasily Makarovich Shukshin is traditionally referred to as the so-called "village" prose. Indeed, the scene of his stories is the village, the Russian hinterland, and his heroes are the villagers, the villagers. However, the writer does not just draw us a certain way of life with its own traditions and customs. Before us passes a string of images that make up the true Russian national character, beautiful and whole. The protagonist of the work of V. M. Shukshin is a weirdo, an eccentric simple man, sincere and kind. People around him most often do not understand him and do not take him seriously.

The hero of the story "Boots" - the driver Sergei Dukhanin - bought boots for his wife in the regional center. The very scene of their purchase reveals the character of the hero. The rudeness and arrogance of the saleswoman lead him to confusion and make him think about the expediency of the purchase. However, practicality loses to the hero's desire to please his wife. A simple villager is characterized by tenderness and care, he philosophically reflects: “This is how you live - forty-five years already - you keep thinking: nothing, someday I will live well, easily. And time goes by ... The question is, what the devil should have been waiting for, and not making such joys as you can do? Here is the same: there is money, extraordinary boots lie - take it, make a person happy! ". Feeling discomfort and uncertainty from communicating with the saleswoman, Sergey still makes a purchase. The comrades also did not understand the hero: “Are you out of your mind? It's winter. Did she tell you to buy these? But most of all, Sergei was afraid of meeting his wife. However, Claudia did not scold her husband at all, but on the contrary, she was worried that the boots were too small for her. Mutual understanding between the spouses turned out to be more valuable than expensive boots. The hero internally experiences what is happening, which speaks of the sensitivity of his nature: “Sergei, as usual, sitting on a small kitchen stool, smoked a cigarette before going to bed ... smoked, thought, once again experienced today's purchase, comprehended its unexpected, great, as it seemed to him now, meaning . It felt good in my heart." For the hero of the story, tenderness, human warmth, cordiality, mutual understanding are very important.

The hero of Shukshin's other story "Freak" did not find understanding either among relatives or outsiders. The hero received such a nickname for his eccentric, from the point of view of others, character, for his dissimilarity to others. His worries about the lost banknote are incomprehensible to others. The hero is so sincere and disinterested that he cannot even think of taking someone else's. The spiritual warmth of the weirdo does not find understanding even among the telegraph worker when he composes a warm telegram to his wife. Arriving to his brother and painting his nephew's bed, the weirdo stumbled upon the resistance of his wife. The desire for beauty, the desire to please relatives are not needed by relatives. And only after returning home to the village and running through the meadow, the hero again feels inner freedom.

The hero of the story "Microscope" is a simple carpenter Andrey Erin. He has a family: a wife and two children. They live modestly, but the hero decides to buy an expensive microscope. Together with their son, they sat for a long time near him, "explored". In this desire to learn about the world around the hero manifests the features of a scientist. Even his life seemed to change. It has purpose, meaning. But Andrei does not find understanding with his wife, for whom material values ​​are more important. Zoya Erina eventually rents a microscope to a commission. The hero of Shukshin is simple and naive. Those around him consider him narrow-minded and impractical, a person "not of this world." But the eccentric is a kind, sincere, subtly feeling people and the world around him, a person who combines the best features of the Russian national character.

“Images of “freaks” in the stories of V.M. Shukshin

Among Shukshin's characters there is one curious variety of people whose soul is always restless, longing and languishing. These people are necessarily dissatisfied with something, always looking for something and doing funny and incredible eccentricities on their way. In 1968, Shukshin wrote: “The hero of our time is always a “fool”, in which his time lives in the most expressive way, the truth of this time.” It was not by chance that the writer here spoke about the truth, because in Rus' from time immemorial, jesters or holy fools, people not of this world, with a weirdo, fearlessly spoke about it. Shukshin's "freaks" are almost always truth-seekers who go to the limit, to the brink in their search and sometimes remain alone on their way. Such is one of the writer's characters - the Freak, the hero of the story of the same name, the person about whom, without exaggeration, one can say - "22 misfortunes": "The Freak had one feature: something constantly happened to him. He did not want this, he suffered, but every now and then he got into some stories - small ones, but annoying. The reasons for his fatal bad luck are in the constant desire to help and bring joy to people: then he is looking for the owner of the dropped fifty-ruble note, which belongs to him; sometimes he helps his neighbor on the plane find a fallen false jaw, but comes across rudeness and swearing; then he quarrels with his brother's wife, painting a baby carriage with paints. Unfortunately, the ideas of the Chudik about the world around him do not correspond to the real order of things. The hero is unlikely to change: he will still strive for people with helpfulness and joyful willingness to communicate and with sincere surprise that people do not understand him. But his actions are not so ridiculous. It's just that people have forgotten what elementary human sensitivity and kindness are. Human truth is on the side of the hero, who does not get upset because of his misadventures, but continues to enjoy life.

Such is this hero: awkward and benevolent, compliant and proud, unhappy and cheerful. Usually people like him are not taken seriously by others.

A freak is a strange-looking person, not like the others, but possessing a kind soul, drawn to the beautiful, to knowledge, art, and therefore alien and incomprehensible to the layman.

You can identify some manifestations of the features of "cranks":

Discrepancy between the hero's ideas about life and reality;

Active life position;

Striving for something great, if not in life, then at least in your imagination.

Cranks - truth-seekers, people breaking out of the framework of the "normal" consciousness of those around them - Shukshin's artistic discovery.

In his spiritual quest, each hero follows untrodden paths, and on this path he makes one-of-a-kind discoveries, manifests himself as an individual. However, all the heroes together make up a single polyphony, because they see the truth of life in the triumph of morality and the harmony of man with the world.

Analysis of Vasily Makarovich Shukshin's story "The Freak".

The story explores the eternal images of the prodigal son, Satan (reptile), a fool. The fool, who is especially closely examined by the writer, has his own modification - the freak. For the first time, such an image appears in the story of 1967, which is called just that - "Freak".

This is an unusual person, with a complex character, striving to comprehend the movements of his own soul, the meaning of life.

This is the main character of the story "Freak".

How do we see the main character?

-How did Chudik stand out from his environment?

First of all, “something always happened to him”, “he kept getting into some stories.” These were not socially significant acts or adventurous adventures. "Freak" suffered from minor incidents caused by his own missteps.

Examples of such incidents and oversights.

The wife calls the protagonist "sometimes affectionately" a freak. The whole story is a description of Chudik's vacation trip to his brother in the Urals. For him, this becomes a big, long-awaited event - after all, they had not seen their brother for 12 years.

Chudik is a typical village dweller. But he “possessed one feature: something constantly happened to him. He did not want this, he suffered, but every now and then he got into some stories - small, however, but annoying.

The first incident happens to the hero on the way to the Urals. In the district store, where Chudik buys gifts for his nephews, he accidentally notices a fifty-ruble note on the floor: “The Freak even trembled with joy, his eyes lit up. In a hurry, so that someone would not get ahead of him, he began to quickly think about how it would be more fun, witty to say this, in line, about a piece of paper. The hero does not have the audacity to pick it up silently...

Natural honesty, often inherent in all villagers, pushes him to make an unsuccessful joke. I began to quickly think about how it would be more fun, smarter to say this, in line, about a piece of paper. And the hero does not have enough conscience to raise it silently. Yes, and how can he do this, when even “hooligans and sellers did not respect. I was afraid." But, meanwhile, "respected the city people."
The hero drew the attention of everyone to himself and to be misunderstood - the queue was silent ...
The weirdo put the money on the counter and left. But on the way, he discovers that the "piece of paper" was his. But the hero is embarrassed to return and pick it up, although this money was withdrawn from the book, which means that it has been accumulating for quite a long time. Their loss is a great loss, so much so that they have to return home. The weirdo scolds himself aloud for a long time when he walks down the street, quietly - when he rides the bus. “Yes, why am I like this?” - the hero is perplexed. At home he got hit on the head by his wife with a slotted spoon, withdrew the money again and again went to his brother.

But the money was withdrawn from the book, accumulated for a long time, and their loss is a big loss for the hero. So big that he has to go home. The Crank wanted to return to the store, explain the queues, somehow justify his absent-mindedness. But instead, he scolds himself for a long time: “But why am I like this?” At home, Crank "got hit on the head" by his wife with a slotted spoon, withdrew the money again and went to his brother.

The main character is strange and incomprehensible to the reaction that he causes in almost all the people he meets on his life path. According to his ideas, he behaves naturally, the way he should behave. But people are not used to such openness and sincerity, so they look at the hero as a real weirdo.

And now the Freak is finally on the plane. He is a little afraid, because he does not quite trust this miracle of technology. He tries to talk to a new neighbor, but he is more interested in the newspaper. Landing soon, the stewardess asks to fasten your seat belts. Although the neighbor reacted to the Chudik with hostility, the hero, gently touching him, says that it would be worthwhile to buckle up. But the self-confident “reader with the newspaper” didn’t listen, and fell down… And he should have thanked Chudik for his care, but instead he yelled at him because he, helping to look for his false teeth, touched it with his hands (what else?). Another would be offended in the place of the hero - such gratitude for the care. And he invites a neighbor to his brother's house to boil, disinfect his jaw. “The reader looked at Chudik in surprise and stopped screaming” - he did not expect such an answer to his rudeness.

At the airport Chudik writes a telegram to his wife: “Landed. A lilac branch fell on my chest, dear Pear, do not forget me. Vasyatka. The telegraph operator forwards the text to the short “Flew. Basil". And again, Chudik does not understand why he should not write such things to his beloved wife in telegrams. The hero is extremely open, even in communication with complete strangers.

Chudik knew that he had a brother, that he had nephews, but he could not even think that he also had a daughter-in-law. He also could not think that she would dislike him from the very first day of their acquaintance. But the hero is not offended. He again wants to do a good deed, and one that would please an inhospitable relative. The next day after his arrival, Crank paints a baby carriage. And then, pleased with himself, he goes to buy a gift for his nephew.

For this "eccentricity" the daughter-in-law kicks the hero out of the house. Neither he himself, nor even his brother Dmitry, understand why Sofya Ivanovna is so angry at ordinary people. They conclude that she is "obsessed with her responsible". It seems that this is the lot of all city people. Position, position in society - this is the measure of human dignity for the "educated", and spiritual qualities are in last place for them. The weirdo left... Dmitry didn't say anything...

The hero came home when it was raining steam. The weirdo got off the bus, took off his new shoes, ran across the warm wet ground.

Only at the very end of the story, Shukshin says that the Chudik's name is Vasily Egorych Knyazev, that he works as a projectionist in the village, that he loves detectives and dogs, that he dreamed of being a spy as a child. Yes, and it's not that important. The important thing is that he does what his heart tells him, because such a decision is the only correct and sincere one.

Shukshin describes all this touchingly and extremely simply. Only a tender smile, sad, but kind, can appear on our face. Sometimes Chudik feels sorry. But this is not because the author is trying to arouse sympathy. No, Shukshin never idealizes his heroes. It shows the person for who they are.

The author, of course, admires him, and we, the readers, share this Shukshin admiration. The weirdo admires everything that surrounds him in life, loves his land, on which he cheerfully runs barefoot in the rain and returns home excited and joyful. And the writer in the end reveals the true name and surname of the hero, his eccentric passions (“he dreamed of being a spy” and “adored detectives”) and age. And it turns out that he is Vasily Knyazev.

The hero of the story is taken from the village environment, because, according to Shukshin, only a simple person from the outback retained all the positive qualities that were originally given to man. Most of all, he is characterized by that sincerity, kindness and naivety, which is so lacking in modern urban people, disfigured by progress and the so-called civilization.

One of the authors who preached kindness and responsiveness in their works was Vasily Makarovich Shukshin. He was a man with versatile talent: actor, director, writer. Warmth, sincerity, love for people come from all his creations. Once Shukshin said: "Every real writer, of course, is a psychologist, but he himself is sick." It is this pain for people, for their sometimes empty and worthless life, that Shukshin's stories are imbued with.

I like Shukshin's stories. They are short, understandable, interesting, they contain a lot of precise and colorful statements. The stories "Freak" and "Cut" are included in the collection "Conversations under a Clear Moon". The very name of the collection speaks of a kind of friendly conversation about life, love, nature. Shukshin's stories are written in simple colloquial language, which conveys the features of the characters' speech. In his works, Shukshin continues the traditions of Russian classical literature: Tolstoy, Gogol, Gorky. His heroes are from the people, ordinary people, but they have some kind of zest.

So Shukshin shows us a new type of hero. This is a “freaky” (there is even a story with that title in the collection). These freaks are similar to Gorky's heroes, but they are closer to us, because they lived not so long ago. Shukshin's freaks are people who create a "holiday of the soul", live simply, naturally, without harming others. People around perceive them as abnormal, because they can throw out some kind of trick. Such are the heroes of the stories "Crank", "Microscope", "Cut off". But their desire to make “the best for people” constantly stumbles upon a wall of misunderstanding, alienation, even hostility. I think that this happens because everyone understands in their own way "what is best." They think that it will be better this way, but other people do not. That's why they're called freaks. Such, for example, is the clash in the story "Crank" of the protagonist with his brother's wife Zoya Ivanovna, who disliked the Crank for some reason. But he is just a kind and cheerful person. Shukshin wants to show us that people are indifferent to each other, they are strangers to each other, callous and do not want to help. Those who try to unite people become "freaks", almost crazy.

But "freaks" can be not only kind. For example, the main character of the story "Cut off" Gleb Kapustin. He is unkind, because he always wants to humiliate another person, especially a visitor, to show that he is a fool, etc. The story begins with the fact that Konstantin Ivanovich, an urban intellectual, comes to the village. He is an educated man, and the peasants do not like it. They call Gleb, because among them he is reputed to be the most learned. Gleb, on the other hand, wants to “cut off” the city guest in advance, that is, to win their dispute. Here Shukshin shows, on the one hand, the arrogance of a city guest who believes that he has come to a remote village, and on the other hand, the anger of a village peasant who wants to prove that he "also mimics something." The usual conversation at first about the latest achievements of science turns into a showdown. Shukshin does not interfere in what is happening. It is as if he is one of the listeners of the dispute - he simply conveys its content to us. But he looks at Gleb with a sad smile, because this anger destroys him.

In this story, Shukshin shows a very old confrontation between the intelligentsia and the people. Even now, when there are TVs, computers, it has been preserved. Shukshin loves his hero, he, in general, loves all his heroes, because they are just as simple people as he is. But this does not prevent him from pointing out their shortcomings, showing that they are doing something wrong: the men themselves begin to cut off Gleb, they are no longer glad that this argument has begun. At the end of the story, everyone is left with some unpleasant impression of the dispute between Gleb and Konstantin Ivanovich. After all, Gleb Kapustin is a pity. The whole purpose of his life is to “cut off” the people passing by, that is, to justify his existence in this village, to prove to them that he does not live in vain. Although, as it seems to me, he proves it to himself. After all, he is angry because his life is in vain, is empty, that he has not done anything good or worthwhile. Such thoughts are characteristic of many heroes of Shukshin's prose.

V.M. Shukshin wrote his works during the years of stagnation, and he very keenly felt the mood of the people of that time. He showed how they are trying to escape from the dull and familiar life, how they are struggling with the routine and uselessness of life. I like Shukshin's characters because they have natural strength, unusualness, a thirst for a vibrant life. The stories of this wonderful writer still have not lost their significance.

An adult, but naive man, by his simplicity, gets into various troubles. His attempts to help others each time end in failure.

Vasily Yegorych Knyazev is a projectionist, a strange man who works in the village. His wife calls him Crazy.

The weirdo is going to the Urals, to his brother, whom he has not seen for about twelve years, but before the trip he gets into various unpleasant stories. In the store, having bought gifts for his nephews, he notices a fifty-ruble piece of paper, picks it up and leaves it at the checkout, assuming that the owner will return for it. Going out into the street, Chudik realizes that it was he who lost his money. He does not dare to return for them, thinking that people will take him for a man who has decided to pocket someone else's fifty kopecks.

Chudik flies to the Urals in an airplane that lands not on the runway, but on a potato field. When landing, Chudik's neighbor loses his false teeth. Vasily decides to help him and finds the jaw, but instead of gratitude he receives swearing at him: the owner of the jaw did not like that Chudik took it in his hands. Giving a telegram home, Knyazev, in his usual style, informs his wife that he flew safely. A strict telegraph operator demands to change the text, Chudik is forced to obey.

Arriving to his brother, Vasily immediately feels the hostility of his daughter-in-law, the barmaid Sofya Ivanovna. The drunk Chudik, together with his brother Dmitry, are forced to move from home to the street, where both are reminiscing and philosophizing.

The next day, Freak wakes up to find himself at home alone. Deciding to do something nice for the daughter-in-law, Knyazev decides to paint the stroller. Having made drawings on the wheelchair, he goes shopping. Returning in the evening, he hears his brother arguing with his wife, who did not like the painted carriage at all. She demands that Chudik leave, threatening to throw away his suitcase. The weirdo realizes that he is not welcome and goes home.