Biography a barto for elementary children. Agnia Barto: biography and obituary

Every child in our country knows the poems of Agnia Barto (1906-1981). Her books were printed in millions of copies. This amazing woman devoted her whole life to children.
Agnia Lvovna Barto was born in Moscow in the family of a veterinarian. She began writing poetry in the elementary grades of the gymnasium. She dreamed of becoming a ballerina, she graduated from a choreographic school.
She became a writer thanks to a curiosity. A. V. Lunacharsky was present at the graduation tests at the school, where Barto read her poem "Funeral March". A few days later, he invited her to the People's Commissariat of Education and expressed confidence that Barto was born to write funny poems. In 1925, at the State Publishing House, Barto was sent to the children's editorial office. Agnia Lvovna set to work enthusiastically. She studied with Mayakovsky, Chukovsky, Marshak.
During the Great Patriotic War, Barto spoke a lot on the radio, went to the front as a newspaper correspondent. In the postwar years, Agnia Lvovna became the organizer of the movement to search for families separated during the war. She suggested looking for lost parents on childhood memories. Through the program "Find a person" on radio "Mayak" it was possible to connect 927 separated families. The first book of the writer's prose is called "Find a Man".
Agnia Barto was repeatedly awarded orders and medals for her writing and social activities. She traveled a lot abroad, helped children's international friendship. The writer died on April 1, 1981, having lived a long and necessary life for people.
The style of her poems is very light, they are easy to remember. The author, as it were, speaks to the child in a simple everyday language - but in rhyme. And the conversation is with young readers as if the author is their age.

She began writing poetry as a child. She took up professional literary work on the advice of the People's Commissar of Education Anatoly Lunacharsky, who attended the final exam of the choreographic school and heard Agnia read her own poems.

In 1925, her first poems "Chinese Wang Li" and "The Thief Bear" were published. They were followed by "First of May" (1926), "Brothers" (1928). Some poems were written jointly with her husband, the poet Pavel Barto, - "The Dirty Girl" and "The Girl-Revushka" (1930).

In 1937, Agnia Barto was a delegate to the International Congress for the Defense of Culture, which was held in Spain. During the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945), Barto often spoke on the radio in Moscow and Sverdlovsk, wrote military poems, articles, and essays. In 1942 she was a correspondent for Komsomolskaya Pravda on the Western Front.

In the 1940-1950s, her collections "First Grader", "Zvenigorod", "Merry Poems" were published.

In 1950, for the collection "Poems for Children" (1949), she was awarded the State Prize of the USSR.

In 1958, Barto wrote a large cycle of satirical poems for children "Leshenka, Leshenka", "Grandfather's granddaughter", etc.

Since 1965, for several years, Barto hosted the program Find a Person on Mayak radio, in which she searched for people separated by the war.

With her help, about a thousand families were reunited. About this work, Barto wrote the story "Find a Man", published in 1968.

In 1976, her book "Notes of a Children's Poet" was published.

In the cinema as a screenwriter, Agniya Barto made her debut in 1939 in the film "The Foundling", which gained great popularity among the audience.

Then she wrote the scripts for children's films "The Elephant and the Rope" (1946) and "Alyosha Ptitsyn Develops a Character" (1953), "10,000 Boys" (1961), as well as the short story "Black Kitten" in the film almanac "From Seven to Twelve" ( 1965).

In 1973, the drama "Looking for a Man" was staged according to Barto's script. Based on the book of the same name and based on the writer's series of radio broadcasts, the film is based on true stories about partings and meetings, about the search for loved ones, which continued for many years after the war.

Agnia Barto is a laureate of the State Prize of the USSR (1950), the Lenin Prize (1972). Awarded with the Order of the Badge of Honor.

For many years, Barto headed the Association of Literature and Art for Children, was a member of the international Andersen jury.

In 1976, she was awarded the G.Kh. Andersen.

Agniya Barto was married twice. After a divorce from her first husband, the poet Pavel Barto, she married the energy scientist Andrei Shcheglyaev, from whose marriage her daughter Tatyana was born. Her son from his first marriage, Igor, died in 1945.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from open sources

A doctor, and in the house they always had a lot of different animals. He was his father's favorite writer. And as A. Barto recalls, her father taught her to read from his books. He also loved to read and knew all the fables by heart. Everyone in childhood has a dream - Agnia dreamed of becoming an organ grinder: walking around the yards, twisting the handle of the barrel organ so that people attracted by music stick out from all the windows. She began writing poetry at an early age - in the first grades of the gymnasium. And she wrote, as it should be for poets, mainly about love: about gentlemen and "pink marquises". The main critic of the young poetess was, of course, her father.

But Anatoly Vasilyevich Lunacharsky, People's Commissar (Minister) of Culture, advised Agnia Lvovna to seriously engage in literature. He came to the graduation concert at the choreographic school, where he studied. At the concert, she danced to the music of Chopin and read her poem - "Funeral March". And Lunacharsky looked at her performance and smiled. A few days later, he invited the young ballerina to his place at the People's Commissariat of Education and said that, listening to her poem, he realized that A. L. would definitely write - and write funny poems.

Barto first came with her poems to the State Publishing House, she was sent to the department of children's literature. This surprised and discouraged her, because she wanted to be a serious adult poet. But meetings and conversations with famous writers V. Mayakovsky and M. Gorky finally convinced her that children's literature is a serious matter and it is not easy to become a children's poet. Agnia Lvovna began to visit schools, kindergartens, listen to the conversations of the children on the streets, in the yards. Once she heard the words of a little girl, who was watching the house being moved near the Stone Bridge: "Mom, can you drive straight into the forest in this house now?" so the poem "The house has moved" appeared.

The wonderful children's writer K. Chukovsky praised her cycle of poems "Toys" very much. And he said: "Work, not everyone succeeded right away. Young Antosha Chakhonte did not immediately become Chekhov." And the poetess worked, talked with the guys, and such wonderful poems were obtained, for example, "Resentment" and "In the theater"

During the Great Patriotic War, Agnia Lvovna lived in Sverdlovsk, published military poems and articles. As a correspondent for Komsomolskaya Pravda, in 1942 she visited the Western Front. But she always wanted to write about young heroes: especially about teenagers who worked in factories, replacing their fathers who had gone to the front. On the advice of Pavel Bazhov, the poetess went to the factory as a student and acquired the specialty of a turner of the 2nd category. So the poem "My student" was written, in which she talks about this with humor.

At the very end of the war, before Victory Day, a great misfortune occurred in the family - her son Garik died. Coming from the institute, he went for a bike ride, and got hit by a car. Poems are gone. Agnia Lvovna began to visit orphanages where orphans lived - victims of the war. There she again became convinced of how indifferent children are to poetry. She read her poems to them and saw how the children began to smile. This is how a new book of poems "Zvenigorod" (1947) appeared - a book about the pupils of orphanages and the people who care for them. It so happened that in 1954 this book fell into the hands of a woman whose 8-year-old daughter Nina was lost during the war. The mother considered her dead, but after reading the poem, she began to hope that her daughter was alive and that someone had taken care of her all these years. Agniya Lvovna handed over this letter to a special organization, where people worked selflessly and successfully engaged in the search for missing people. After 8 months, Nina was found. This incident was published in the newspaper. And then Agnia Lvovna began to receive letters from different people: "Help me find my son, daughter, mother!" what was to be done? For an official search, accurate data is needed. And often, a child who is lost as a child does not know them or does not remember them. Such children were given a different surname, a new name, the medical commission set the approximate age. And Agnia Lvovna came up with the following thought: could not help in the search for children's memory. The child is observant, he sees and remembers what he saw for the rest of his life. The main thing was to select the most unique childhood memories. This idea was tested with the help of the Mayak radio station. Since 1965, on the 13th day of every month, A. Barto has been broadcasting "Find a Person". Here's an example for you - the poetess tells about Nelya Neizvestnaya, reads her memoirs: "Night, the rumble of airplanes. I remember a woman, she has a baby in one hand, a heavy bag with things in the other. We are running somewhere, I'm holding on to my skirt, and there are two boys nearby. One of them is called Roman." Three hours after the transmission, a telegram arrived: "Nelya Neizvestnaya is our daughter, we have been looking for her for 22 years." I have been running this show for almost 9 years. It was possible to reunite 927 families. In 1969, she wrote the book "Find a Man", which told the stories of people who lost and found each other. She dedicated this book and work on the radio to the blessed memory of her son Garik.

When the daughter of Agnia Barto Tatyana had a son, Volodya, he became the most desired and beloved grandson of Agnia Lvovna. It was about him that the poetess created a whole cycle of poems: "Vovka is a kind soul." Listen to two poems from this cycle: "How Vovka became an older brother" and "How Vovka became an adult."

She also wrote scripts for children's films "The Elephant and the Rope" and "The Foundling". Everyone loves to watch these films: both adults and children.

traveled to many countries around the world and met with children everywhere. Having once visited Bulgaria, in a small town she met a girl Petrina, who really wanted to correspond with guys from Moscow. Barto told the Moscow children about this and gave Petrina's address. Within 10 days, the Bulgarian schoolgirl received more than 3,000 letters. On the first day, 24 letters came and the girl answered all of them. But the next day another 750 letters arrived. Soon the post office called and said that they were inundated with letters for Petrina and could not work properly. The Bulgarian children arranged a subbotnik: they collected letters and distributed them to all the children so that they would answer them. Thus began a friendly correspondence between the Soviet and Bulgarian guys.

Barto April 1, 1981 One of the minor planets that revolve around the Earth is named after her. She left one and a half million books in 86 languages, wonderful poems that you remember from childhood, which you will read to your children: "Toys", "Younger Brother", "Once I broke the glass", "Vovka is a kind soul", "We with Tamara", "Everyone is learning", "Zvenigorod", "For flowers in the winter forest" and others.

Barto Agniya Lvovna. 02/17/1906 - 04/01/1981 Russian Soviet children's poetess, writer, screenwriter Agnia Lvovna Barto was born in Moscow on February 17, 1906 in an educated Jewish family. She received a good home education, which was led by her father. Agnia studied at a choreographic school and was going to become a ballerina. She loved to dance very much. Poems A. Barto began to write in early childhood, in the first grades of the gymnasium. The strictest connoisseur of A. Barto's first poems was her father, Lev Nikolaevich Volokhov, a veterinarian. With the help of serious books, without a primer, my father taught Agniya the alphabet, and she began to read on her own. Her father followed her demandingly, taught her how to write poetry “correctly”. But Agnia Lvovna at that time was attracted by something else - music, ballet. She dreamed of becoming a dancer, she loved to dance very much. Therefore, she entered the choreographic school, but even there she continued to compose poetry. Several years passed, and Agniya Lvovna realized that poetry was more important to her. And in 1925 (she was only 19 years old at the time!) her first book "Chinese Wang Li and the Thief Bear" was published. The readers liked the poems very much. A conversation with Mayakovsky about how children need new poetry, what role it can play in raising children, helped her finally make a choice. The youth of Agnia fell on the years of the revolution and the civil war. But somehow she managed to live in her own world, where ballet and poetry coexisted peacefully. The first husband of Agnia Lvovna was the poet Pavel Barto. Together they wrote three poems - "Girl-roar", "Girl grimy" and "Counting". They had a son, Egar (Garik), and after 6 years they divorced. In the spring of 1945, Garik tragically died at the age of 18 (he was hit by a truck while riding a bicycle). With her second husband, Andrei Shcheglyaev, Agnia lived for almost half a century of great love and understanding. From the memoirs of their daughter Tatyana: “Mom was the main helmsman in the house, everything was done with her knowledge. On the other hand, they took care of her and tried to create working conditions - she didn’t bake pies, she didn’t stand in lines, but she was, of course, the hostess in the house Nanny Domna Ivanovna lived with us all her life, who came to the house back in 1925, when my elder brother Garik was born. having dared to read her poem to Chukovsky, Barto attributed the authorship to a five-year-old boy. Perhaps it was precisely because of her shyness that Agniya Barto had no enemies. She passed away on April 1, 1981. Once Agniya Barto said: “Almost every person has moments in his life when he does more than he can.” In her own case, it wasn't a minute, it was how she lived her whole life. Agniya Barto was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy cemetery.

(1906-1981) Soviet poetess

The poems of Agnia Barto entered our consciousness from childhood. Both in kindergarten and elementary school, they are often the very first appeal to the vast world of fiction. It is no coincidence that the total circulation of Agnia Lvovna Barto's books exceeded thirty million copies, they were published more than 400 times, translated into all languages ​​​​of the peoples of Russia and many foreign ones.

Nevertheless, it was by no means easy to enter the world of great poetry along with such recognized masters as K. Chukovsky and S. Marshak. Agniya Lvovna herself recalls this in her book Notes of a Children's Poet. The title of Barto's memoirs is symbolic, as she has always considered herself primarily a poet for children.

Agnia Lvovna Barto was born in Moscow, in the family of a veterinarian. At first, like many in childhood, she experienced a number of hobbies - she studied music, studied at a choreographic school. After the final exams, Agnia read her poem for the first time at one of the evenings, and A. Lunacharsky, then People's Commissar of Education, accidentally heard it, this seriously influenced her further biography. They met, and Lunacharsky, as if foreseeing the girl's creative future, said that she would write funny poems. This meeting, which, as it turned out later, determined her fate, was one of the most powerful impressions of her youth.

Perhaps Agnia Lvovna owes her literary gift to her father, Lev Nikolaevich Volov. He loved to read poetry, knew by heart almost all of Krylov's fables and constantly gave books to his daughter. Relatives even made fun of him, because once he gave Agnia the book "How Leo Tolstoy Lives and Works."

Since 1925, Agniya Barto has already begun to print her poems. First came "Revushka Girl" and "Dirty Girl", followed by "Chinese Wang Li" and "Thief Bear". Her poems were dedicated to small children, about four or eight years old, who listened to them with pleasure, because they recognized themselves and their tricks in them. These poems made up the first collection, published in 1928 under the title "Brothers". In 1934, Agniya Barto published a collection of satirical poems for younger schoolchildren, The Boy on the Opposite.

The main thing in the biography of the poetess has always been the knowledge of the world of the child, the features of his imagination and thinking. She carefully studied what he was doing, how and what he was talking about. True, Agniya Barto always believed that she not only writes for children, but also addresses adults at the same time.

At first, Barto was greatly assisted by K. Chukovsky and S. Marshak. They answered her letters, gave advice, and in 1933 Chukovsky published a short response about "Toys". Under the same title, in 1936, another collection of poems by Agnia Barto was published.

Chukovsky continued to closely follow the work of the young poetess and some time later already called her a "talented lyricist." At the same time, he invariably demanded from her "more thoughtfulness, the severity of the verse." Agniya Barto always sensitively perceived his instructions, although she had heard something else. As Agniya Lvovna herself recalls, "there were times when children's poems were adopted by a general meeting, by a majority of votes." At one time, they criticized, for example, the rhyme in her poem "Toys":

They dropped Mishka on the floor.

Mishka's paw was torn off.

I still won't drop it.

Because he's good.

Critics considered it too difficult for children to understand. Nevertheless, Agnia Lvovna stubbornly defended her vision of the children's theme and wrote poems for the little ones the way she imagined them. She continued to use complex, playful rhyme.

At the same time, her circle of interests gradually expanded. In 1937, Barto traveled to Spain to attend a congress of writers in defense of culture. Under the influence of what she saw and heard, a new theme appeared in her work - patriotic. Time itself dictated such verses: there was a war in Spain, the world was on the eve of World War II. Therefore, the impressions of the experienced wars remained not only in memory.

In the thirties, the biography was marked by a new event, cinema unexpectedly entered the life of the poetess. In 1939, Agniya Barto wrote her first script for the children's film "The Foundling", in 1946 she wrote a new one - "The Elephant and the Rope", and in the fifties - "Alyosha Ptitsyn develops character" and "Ten thousand boys". All these films were very popular with children and adults, and many phrases of little heroes became winged. However, this is not surprising: after all, such brilliant comedic actresses as Rina Zelenaya and Faina Ranevskaya often acted as co-authors of Barto. Interest in children's drama at Agnia Barto remained for life. In 1975, she wrote the play In Order of Deception.

With the outbreak of war, Agniya Lvovna Barto tried to get to the front, but had to leave for the rear, since her husband, an energy engineer, was assigned to Sverdlovsk (present-day Yekaterinburg). She lived there until 1942 and continued to work all this time. Agnia Lvovna begins to speak on the radio, in orphanages, publishes military poems, articles, and essays in newspapers. She still made it to the front. After returning to Moscow in the spring of 1942, the poetess was sent to the Western Front as a correspondent for Komsomolskaya Pravda.

After the war, she continues to write funny poems for children, creates several satirical and humorous works, which will later be included in her books “Who is considered happy?” (1962) and "What's the matter with him?" (1966). In those same years, Barto had a chance to work in an orphanage for orphans, and she wrote the poem "Zvenigorod".

The sixties occupy a special place not only in the biography of Agnia Barto, but also in the history of the whole country. The poetess begins to conduct the radio program "Find a Man" and helps many people find their relatives who were lost during the war. About a thousand people found their loved ones thanks to the work and energy of Agniya Lvovna Barto. Based on the stories about the search for children lost during the Great Patriotic War, she wrote the book "Find a Man", which was published in 1968. And in 1972, for her multifaceted activities, Barto became a laureate of the Lenin Prize.

At the same time, Agnia Lvovna was actively engaged in social activities. She becomes a member of the International Association of Children's Writers and a laureate of the Andersen Medal, travels a lot around different countries, and holds an international competition for children's drawings.

Agnia Lvovna believed that constant communication with the audience enriched her. After she had a chance to broadcast, her poems became more lyrical. And this is true: they seem to be addressed to the most intimate feelings and experiences. Poetic and their names - "I'm growing" (1968), "For flowers in the winter forest" (1970).

Agnia Lvovna Barto herself determined the secret of her creative longevity, which lies in her words: "Poems written for children must be inexhaustibly young."

Agniya Barto died on April 1, 1981. She was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy Cemetery (site No. 3).